What are some effects of an earthquake?

Answer 1

The main effects of earthquakes are-

1.Deformed ground surface

2.Damage to man made structures

3.Damage to towns and cities

4.Loss of human and animal life

5.Devastating fires

6.Landslides

7.Flash floods

8.Tsunamis

9.Seiche

10.Sandblows

11.Faults

The main damage is caused to human, animal life and damage to properties.

Earthquakes cause a lot of devastation, thereby causing great loss of life and property.

Answer 2

A moderate earthquake can cause breakage of window panes,rattling of utensils and creaking of doors. However , an earthquake with higher magnitude can cause catastrophic damage , such as collapsing buildings , cracks in ground and loss of life

Answer 3

Earthquakes can cause destruction to buildings, infrastructure, and roads. They can also trigger landslides, tsunamis, and fires. Additionally, earthquakes can result in casualties and injuries to people in affected areas.

Answer 4

One of the effects of earthquakes is liquidation this turns the earths crust into a substance such as quick sand sucking a building into the ground.

The short term effects of earthquakes may include damage to buildings, fires, disruption of water/sewer lines, displaced people/cars, damage to infrastructure (roads, highways, and bridges), etc.

falling houses

Answer 5

The effects from earthquakes are caused by ground shaking, surface faulting, ground failure, and less commonly, tsunamis. Ground Shaking

Ground shaking is a term used to describe the vibration of the ground during an earthquake. Ground shaking is caused by body waves and surface waves. As a generalization, the severity of ground shaking increases as magnitude increases and decreases as distance from the causative fault increases. Although the physics of seismic waves is complex, ground shaking can be explained in terms of body waves, compressional, or P, and shear, or S, and surface waves, Rayleigh and Love.

Surface Faulting

Surface faulting -- the differential movement of the two sides of a

fracture at the Earth's surface-- is of three general types: strike-slip, normal, and reverse (or thrust). Combinations of the strike-slip type and the other two types of faulting can be found. Although displacements of these kinds can result from landslides and other shallow processes, surface faulting, as the term is used here, applies to differential movements caused by deep-seated forces in the Earth, the slow movement of sedimentary deposits toward the Gulf of Mexico, and faulting associated with salt domes. Liquefaction Induced

Liquefaction is not a type of ground failure; it is a physical process

that takes place during some earthquakes that may lead to ground failure. As a consequence of liquefaction, clay-free soil deposits, primarily sands and silts, temporarily lose strength and behave as viscous fluids rather than as solids. Liquefaction takes place when seismic shear waves pass through a saturated granular soil layer, distort its granular structure, and cause some of the void spaces to collapse. Disruptions to the soil generated by these collapses cause transfer of the ground-shaking load from grain-to-grain contacts in the soil layer to the pore water. This transfer of load increases pressure in the pore water, either causing drainage to occur or, if drainage is restricted, a sudden buildup of pore-water pressure. When the pore-water pressure rises to about the pressure caused by the weight of the column of soil, the granular soil layer behaves like a fluid rather than like a solid for a short period. In this condition, deformations can occur easily.

Lateral Spreads - Lateral spreads involve the lateral movement of large blocks of soil as a result of liquefaction in a subsurface layer. Movement takes place in response to the ground shaking generated by an earthquake. Lateral spreads generally develop on gentle slopes, most commonly on those between 0.3 and 3 degrees. Horizontal movements on lateral spreads commonly are as much as 10 to 15 feet, but, where slopes are particularly favorable and the duration of ground shaking is long, lateral movement may be as much as 100 to 150 feet. Lateral spreads usually break up internally, forming numerous fissures and scarps.

Flow Failures - Flow failures, consisting of liquefied soil or blocks of intact material riding on a layer of liquefied soil, are the most catastrophic type of ground failure caused by liquefaction. These failures commonly move several tens of feet and, if geometric conditions permit, several tens of miles. Flows travel at velocities as great as many tens of miles per hour. Flow failures usually form in loose saturated sands or silts on slopes greater than 3 degrees.

Loss of Bearing Strength - When the soil supporting a building or some other structure liquefies and loses strength, large deformations can occur within the soil, allowing the structure to settle and tip. The most spectacular example of bearing-strength failures took place during the 1964 Niigata, Japan, earthquake. During that event, several four-story buildings of the Kwangishicho apartment complex tipped as much as 60 degrees. Most of the buildings were later jacked back into an upright position, underpinned with piles, and reused.

Landslides

Past experience has shown that several types of landslides take place in conjunction with earthquakes. The most abundant types of earthquake induced landslides are rock falls and slides of rock fragments that form on steep slopes. Shallow debris slides forming on steep slopes and soil and rock slumps and block slides forming on moderate to steep slopes also take place, but they are less abundant. Reactivation of dormant slumps or block slides by earthquakes is rare.

Tsunamis

Tsunamis are water waves that are caused by sudden vertical movement of a large area of the sea floor during an undersea earthquake. Tsunamis are often called tidal waves, but this term is a misnomer. Unlike regular ocean tides, tsunamis are not caused by the tidal action of the Moon and Sun. The height of a tsunami in the deep ocean is typically about 1 foot, but the distance between wave crests can be very long, more than 60 miles. The speed at which the tsunami travels decreases as water depth decreases. In the mid-Pacific, where the water depths reach 3 miles, tsunami speeds can be more than 430 miles per hour. As tsunamis reach shallow water around islands or on a continental shelf; the height of the waves increases many times, sometimes reaching as much as 80 feet. The great distance between wave crests prevents tsunamis from dissipating energy as a breaking surf; instead, tsunamis cause water levels to rise rapidly along coast lines.

Answer 6

Damages brought by earthquake:

1.People are injured or even killed by collasping buildings

2.If earthquakes occur in ocean floor,tsunami will be caused,big waves drown people and buildings on coastal flat land

3.Electricity,gas and water supplies are cut off

4.At home,heater and cooker are fall over and causes fire,this leads to property loss

5.Gas pipes and electricity wires are torn off and causes fire

6.Buildings and bridges are damges,dams are damaged and causes flooding

7.Landslides block roads

Answer 7

The immediate effects of the earthquake are known as primary effects. They include the collapse of buildings, bridges and roads resulting from the seismic waves shaking the crust. During the 20 second earthquake, the ground moved up to 50 centimetres horizontally and up to 1 metre vertically. Some of the deaths were caused by these primary effects.

The secondary effects include the fires that broke out all over the city of Kobe, the congestion and chaos on the roads, the closure of businesses and the problem of homelessness. Many more people died in the fires that followed the earthquake. Problems were made worse by the large number of aftershocks (over 1,300).

Answer 8

Shaking, things falling, buildings being damaged, foundations shifting, they can sometimes cause tsunamies if they are in a fairly large body of water, they can cause gas and water lines to break, and they can cause liquifaction.

Answer 9

Earthquakes happen when the tectonic plates beneath the Earth's crust move as a resule of the molten (pliable) layer of mantle beneath that.

When the plates rub together, the result we see or feel are earthquakes.

They can have an obvious impact on physical structures (man made and natural).

Answer 10

Many things, like deaths, buildings collapsing, water pipes bursting, power cuts, burst pipes, no signal, contaminated water, fires, landslides, mudslides, tsunamis, and many more...