The upper few hundred meters of water that move like rivers in the ocean.
The global winds that blow constantly from the same direction and cover a large part of Earth's surface are called the Trade Winds. These winds are caused by the Earth's rotation and the difference in temperature between the equator and the poles. The Trade Winds play a significant role in shaping climate and weather patterns around the world.
There are three main types of global winds: trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies. These winds are driven by the Earth's rotation and the unequal heating of the Earth's surface.
Surface winds at the North Pole generally move from the south towards the north, forming the Polar Easterlies. These winds are a result of the temperature difference between the cold polar regions and the warmer mid-latitudes.
Winds and ocean currents move water parallel to Earth's surface. Winds can create surface currents through friction with the ocean's surface, while ocean currents are driven by a combination of factors such as wind, temperature, salinity, and the Earth's rotation.
Surface winds blow along the surface of the earth.Sometimes they blow in the same direction all year around .Sometimes they blow mainly in one direction for other part of the year.For e.g the monsoons in the sub-continent. In other places the winds are likely to blow in different direction from day to day.Winds speeds can vary from very slow to 100 km pr/hr. Upper atmosphere winds blow at about 10,000 meters above the surface of the earth. They are caused by the rotation of the earth and blow steadily in the same direction all year round.They can reach up to speed 350 km to 450 km/hr.They are referred to as the jet stream.
A primary cause for surface winds on the earth is the Earths Rotation.
The amplitude is increased by strong surface winds.
Surface winds are slowed by friction caused by topography as well as the built environment.
high winds are normally caused by the unequal heating of the earths surface.
Surface winds have to flow around such things as buildings and mountains. Upper-level winds have no 'obstructions' to alter their path.
If divergence exceeds convergence at the surface, it typically leads to a reduction in surface pressure, which can result in stronger surface winds. This is because the pressure gradient force, generated by the difference in pressure, drives air from high to low pressure. As air diverges from the surface and rises, it can enhance the wind speeds. Therefore, in this scenario, surface winds would generally get stronger.
winds
The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics near the Earth's equator[
Surface winds and upper air winds differ in their speed, direction, and altitude. Surface winds are influenced by friction with the Earth's surface and tend to be slower and more variable in direction. Upper air winds, on the other hand, are faster, more consistent in direction, and are influenced by factors such as temperature gradients and pressure systems. These differences in wind patterns impact weather by affecting the movement of air masses, the formation of weather systems, and the distribution of heat and moisture in the atmosphere.
Winds put surface water in motion in the direction they are blowing, just like when you blow on your coffee in the morning you cause ripples in the cup.
Winds that blow almost always in one direction, from the northeast to the equator, are trade winds. They are surface winds that are found in the tropics that have a prevailing easterly pattern.
The global winds that blow constantly from the same direction and cover a large part of the earth's surface are called the Trade Winds.