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There are many physical and human related factors that have affected the earth's surface, but it is changes brought on by different types of erosion that is the most widespread. Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from one location on earth and transported to another location.

While wind, chemical, and biological weathering are factors in erosion, the two main causes of erosive change to the earth's surface are due to the movements of water and ice, which are two physical processes responsible for the vast majority of erosion on the surface of the earth. The flow of water causes erosion, and subsequently, changes in the earth's surface by attrition, hydraulic action, abrasion/corrosion, and solution/corrosion. Water also serves to transport eroded rock, soil, and other materials, depositing the debris in other locations to alter landscapes around the world.


Ice changes the earth by scouring, plucking and ice thrusting which occurs in glacial areas including non-polar mountains, carving out valleys. The glacial phenomenon of plucking results in the movement of large boulders, breaking the rock down and depositing the smaller debris downslope, the fragments of which are known as till.

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9y ago
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14y ago

earth quakes, volcanoes, erosion,etc.

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Q: What are the two factors that cause changes on Earth's surface?
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