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Freeze/thaw cycle doesn't create potholes. It creates cracks on pavement. Potholes form when water, whether from melting snow, rain or frost thawing gets into the cracks in the pavement and cause the road base to shift and develop voids just under the pavement. When this occurs, the weight of vehicles causes the pavement to crumble causing potholes.
The energy that causes seawater to form water vapor is heat from the sun. When the sun's energy heats up the surface of the ocean, it causes water molecules to evaporate and rise as water vapor.
It is a form of weathering known as frost wedging.
Mud cracks form when mud or clay dries out and shrinks, causing the surface to crack. As the material dries, it contracts and pulls apart, creating fissures or cracks. Factors like sunlight, wind, and temperature fluctuations can accelerate the drying process and contribute to the formation of mud cracks.
Pot holes are cracks or weaknesses in roads. If there is a crack/crevice in the road then water may enter and freeze over night, expanding the crevice. As this process repeats and the road is used more then the pot hole will expand in size.
mechanical energy
mechanical energy
Thermal energy from temperature changes can cause cracks in roads. As the temperature fluctuates, the road expands and contracts, leading to stress on the road surface that can result in cracks forming over time.
heat which can cause base materials with higher clay contents (e.g. some gravel) to dry in summer and crack
Thermal energy from the sun causes cracks in the road through a process called thermal expansion and contraction. When the road surface heats up, it expands, and when it cools down, it contracts. This repeated expansion and contraction over time can lead to cracks forming.
Mud cracks form when wet mud dries. As mud dries, it shrinks and cracks start to form.
Where cracks form in the asphalt/concrete, repair crews fill the cracks with tar to keep water from seeping in and widening the cracks into pot holes.
Mechanical Waves
Freeze/thaw cycle doesn't create potholes. It creates cracks on pavement. Potholes form when water, whether from melting snow, rain or frost thawing gets into the cracks in the pavement and cause the road base to shift and develop voids just under the pavement. When this occurs, the weight of vehicles causes the pavement to crumble causing potholes.
The energy that causes seawater to form water vapor is heat from the sun. When the sun's energy heats up the surface of the ocean, it causes water molecules to evaporate and rise as water vapor.
Solar energy
The transfer of energy.