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P waves travel much faster than S waves so they reach the core faster. They can travel through the outer core, but change direction slightly, causing a p-waves shadow zone. S waves cannot travel through the outer core because it is liquid and has zero rigidity so they are diverted around it causing a much larger shadow zone called the S wave shadow zone. Surface, or L waves cannot travel through the earth at all.

P-waves are observed directly opposite to the epicentre of earthquake which states that the wave passing through the earth as a diameter has no effect on its path.

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Q: What happens to P- and S- waves when they reach the center of the earth?
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