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Boric acid (H3BO3 or HBO2.H2O) is added (in excess) to form a stable and soluble complex with the steam-distilled ammoniagas:

NH3(g) + HBO2.H2O(aq) --> NH3.HBO2(aq) + H2O

which then can be titrated directly with 0.05M sulfuric acid till pH = 5:

2 NH3.HBO2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) --> 2 NH4+ + HBO2.H2O(aq) + SO42-

Note: Boric acid (HBO2.H2O) is a very weak acid pKa=9.3 and is not interfering with the acid/base titration of ammonia.

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