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one major reason is that cigarette smoke contains tar which coats the avioli in the lungs. these are special projections in the lung that increase surface area (an increased surface area is proportional to an increased absorption rate, in this case dissolving oxygen gas on the moist membrane of the lung.) as the tar coats the avioli the available surface area decreases and therefore the absorption rate decreases. so essentially a smoker is getting less from each breath as a nonsmoker, this results in a lower blood-oxygen reading for a smoker. this also accounts for why smokers run out of breath sooner and a why they sometimes cough up black flem.

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Q: Why are oxygen are the oxygen level's in a smoker's blood less than those in a non-smoker?
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How does smoking affect carbon dioxide levels?

Smoking increases carbon monoxide levels in the blood as opposed to carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide ties up hemoglobin so that smokers have lower blood oxygen levels. Chronic inflammation has been linked to the high levels of carbon dioxide that smokers breathe in as it is 200 times the atmospheric rate.


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