Does anyone gain from inflation

Answer 1

Yes. The government, as they are the ones who inflate the currency in the first place.

The other one who benefits is the Central Bank known as the Federal Reserve Sys

Big banks are also allowed to borrow from the Federal Reserve and are regulated by them. The process goes like this. An amount is deposited in any bank which is a member of the Federal Reserve and lets say it is $100.00. The reserve that bank has to keep is only 10%. It can loan out 90 bucks. Then that is re-deposited and they can loan out 81 bucks. That is re-deposited and then 72bucks goes out. Get the picture. On $100. Those banks can loan up to 900.00 before it runs out. And charge interest on the amount. They are charging interest on 900 where only 100 is the starting point. Consider someone builds a $100,000 house. The material is paid for and the labor is paid for. The bank will collect the interest for the length of the loan and receive in excess of $200,000 --double the amount it cost to build.

Now consider this, the most of that loan money is from depositors and savings accounts.

And remember, it is the Federal Reserve Sys that handles the nation's monetary and not the treasury since the turn of the 20th century. They are the ones that create more dollars that are backed by nothing. More they print, higher the inflation goes. More you have of anything, the less it is worth.