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Mercantilism was in some sense an early form of capitalism, though there was considerable state control over foreign trade and there were usually, along with this, very high tariffs.

Laissez-faire refers to more traditional ideas of how capitalism should operate, little to no state interference, no monopolies, etc.

"Welfare capitalism" is a term that is sometimes used to refer to capitalist countries that have strong social welfare programs and do make some limited attempts to combat homelessness and extreme poverty. Examples of this today would be Sweden and Norway.

What these all have in common is that they are all basically capitalist, laissez-faire and welfare capitalism are essentially the same economically for the most part but have some starkly different social policies. Mercantilism does not have a great deal in common with them.

Democratic socialism is a term that can refer to two different things. It can sometimes be used as a synonym for social-democracy, or it can be used as a term to distinguish oneself from what people typically associate with what they think is communism.

Socialism refers to any political and economic philosophy or system that is not capitalist and emphasises community control over politics and the social ownership of the means of production.

There is no difference between this and the second description of what "democratic socialism" means. The first (synonym for social-democracy) description however, has little in common with socialism, it is essentially capitalist and has much in common with welfare capitalism.

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Q: What are the similarities in Mercantilism--Laissez-Faire--Capitalism--Democratic Socialism--Socialism and Welfare Capitalism?
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