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What is merchantilist economic theory?

Updated: 10/27/2022
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Mercantilism is an economic theory which espouses two clear ideological assumptions: 1) that the goal of an economy is to enrich the country it resides in to it best extent; 2) to complete this, countries should accumulate - and hoard - coinage, especially in gold, and protect their industries. Mercantilism believed that the amount of world trade was limited, and that trade itself was a resource. Countries who exported more than they imported profited from trade while those who imported more lost out. Therefore, countries sought to export as much as possible in exchange for coinage and become self-sustaining in imports. Mercantilism went well with Imperialism in the 15th-18th centuries, because it justified conquest and expansion of Europeans nations as a means of economic growth and self-sustenance.

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