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In short, opportunity cost is the way we define value. It is central to our economic understanding, and is the idea that any given product or service can only be calculated to be worth everything else it's resources could have been used for.

For example, let's say that you are in a store have $10. $10 is a resource you could use to either buy a sandwich and a soda for now, or to buy a frozen Pizza for dinner later. For the sake of the example, you want both and afterwards will not afford the one you do not buy. Let us say that you buy a soda and sandwich. That then comes at the opportunity cost of not getting the frozen pizza for dinner.

Opportunity cost is trade-offs.

Total opportunity cost would therefore be a sum of various different trade-offs, calculated into a total sum of resources.

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