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lower the target rate for the federal funds rate
If the federal reserve sells $40,000 in treasury bonds to a bank with 5% interest the immediate effect on the money supply is an decrease of $40,000.
The Federal Reserve wants to affect the money supply because the amount of money on the street at any given time affects the overall value of the individual dollar.
It means to decrease, or lower, the money supply. EXAMPLE: The feds sold treasury bonds and bills in order to contract (decrease) money supply.
The reduction in the money supply increases the price level, causes deflation, and may increase or decrease the GDP depending on the level of rational expectations.
lower the target rate for the federal funds rate
If the federal reserve sells $40,000 in treasury bonds to a bank with 5% interest the immediate effect on the money supply is an decrease of $40,000.
The Federal Reserve wants to affect the money supply because the amount of money on the street at any given time affects the overall value of the individual dollar.
It means to decrease, or lower, the money supply. EXAMPLE: The feds sold treasury bonds and bills in order to contract (decrease) money supply.
The reduction in the money supply increases the price level, causes deflation, and may increase or decrease the GDP depending on the level of rational expectations.
Deflation
Decreasing the money supply will help with inflation. With less money to spend, the demand for goods will decrease, bringing down their cost.
when money supply is increased, interest rates decrease
This is called open market operations, they do this to increase the money supply, buy buying bonds or decrease the money supply by selling. They do this to control interest rates and inflation.
One of the two (according to the Keynesian) reason that can create high inflation is attributed to the increased money supply where "too much money chasing too few goods" Therefore, to reduce inflation, the Federal reserve would want to DECREASE the money supply. However, the increase in money supply can create stimulus demand and depreciate the exchange rate of the US Dollars which are considered (although questionable) beneficial to the US economy.
An increase in the money supply shifts the money supply curve to the right. If you look on your graph, you will see that an increase in money supply will cause the interest rate to decrease. Here's why: Fed increases money supply-->excess supply of money at the current interest rate -->people buy bonds to get rid of their excess money-->increase in the prices of bonds --> decrease in the interest rate.
Increase or decrease the money supply