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How would you describe deontology?
The deontological theory is one that suggests people should stick to their duties. Whatever their ethical duties are, they should not deviate from them at all since that is what is ethical.
What are the 2 ethical approaches?
--> --> Normative ethical systems can generally be broken down into three categories: deontological, teleological and virtue ethics. The first two are considered deontic or action-based theories of morality because they focus entirely upon the actions which a person performs. When actions are judged morally right based upon their consequences, we have teleological or consequentialist ethical theory. When actions are judged morally right based upon how well they conform to some set of duties, we have a deontological ethical theory.
Lying is never acceptable under which ethical approach?
Under the deontological ethical approach, which is based on principles and rules, lying is considered unacceptable. This approach emphasizes the importance of moral duties and obligations, and lying is seen as a violation of those duties and a breach of trust. It argues that one should always tell the truth, regardless of the consequences.
What is the difference between deontological ethic and a teleological ethics?
Teleological ethical theories are consequentialist in nature because they assert that the morally correct action is one that produces the greatest balance of good over bad consequences compared with alternative actions. Deontological ethical theories are nonconsequentialist and regard the rightness or wrongness of an action as intrinsic to the action itself. There, the consequences are morally irrelevant. Utilitarianism is the best-known teleological theory. Deontological theories include Kant's categorical imperative, human rights theories, and divine command theories.
One ethical theory that its followers are very unlikely to admit to following?
individual ethical egoism.
One ethical theory that its followers are very unlikely to admit to following is?
"Individual ethical egoists are unlikely to publicly promote their views."
What theorist would say life is about consequences?
Philosopher John Stuart Mill's ethical theory, known as utilitarianism, emphasizes that the morality of an action is determined by its consequences. According to Mill, the right action is the one that maximizes overall happiness and minimizes suffering, focusing on the outcomes of one's choices.
The social scientist who criticized the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg and developed an alternative theory on the development of morality based on personal relationships was?
Carol Gilligan, who proposed a different perspective of moral development that emphasizes the role of caring, compassion, and relationships in shaping one's ethical decision-making. Her theory focuses on the moral reasoning of women and highlights the importance of interpersonal connections in the development of morality.
What ethical dilemmas arise in the real life trolley problem scenario?
The ethical dilemmas in the real-life trolley problem scenario involve making difficult decisions about sacrificing the life of one person to save the lives of many others. This raises questions about the value of individual life, the concept of utilitarianism versus deontological ethics, and the moral responsibility of the decision-maker.
Decisions should be made solely or primarily by considering one's duties and the rights of others?
Deontological
What is cosmopolitan theory?
Cosmopolitan theory is a political and ethical theory that promotes the idea of global citizenship and emphasizes the interconnectedness of all people across the world. It calls for greater cooperation among nations, a focus on universal human rights, and a rejection of narrow nationalism in favor of a more inclusive and egalitarian approach to global governance.
What are the strengths of the Divine Command Theory?
A common criticism of deontological moral systems is that they provide no clear way to resolve conflicts between moral duties. a deontological moral system should include both a moral duty not to lie and one to keep others from harm, for example, but in the above situation how is a person to choose between those two moral duties? A popular response to this is to simply choose the "lesser of two evils," but that means relying on which of the two has the least evil consequences and, therefore, the moral choice is being made on a consequentialist rather than a deontological basis. Some critics argue that deontological moral systems are, in fact, consequentialist moral systems in disguise. According to this argument, duties and obligations which set forth in deontological systems are actually those actions which have been demonstrated over long periods of time to have the best consequences. Eventually, they become enshrined in custom and law and people stop giving them or their consequences much thought - they are simply assumed to be correct. Deontological ethics are thus ethics where the reasons for particular duties have been forgotten, even if things have completely changed. A second criticism is that deontological moral systems do not readily allow for grey areas where the morality of an action is questionable. They are, rather, systems which are based upon absolutes - absolute principles and absolute conclusions. In real life, however, moral questions more often involve grey areas than absolute black & white choices. We typically have conflicting duties, interests, and issues that make things difficult. Another common criticism of deontological ethical theories is the question of just which duties qualify as those which we should all follow, regardless of the consequences. Duties which might have been valid in the 18th century are not necessarily valid now, but who is to say which ones should be abandoned and which are still valid? And if any are to be abandoned, how can we say that they really were moral duties back in the 18th century? If these were duties created by God, how can they possibly stop being duties today? Many attempts to develop deontological systems focus on explaining how and why certain duties are valid at any time or at all times and how we can know that. Religious believers are often in the difficult position of trying to explain what believers of the past treated certain duties as objective, absolute ethical requirements created by God but today they aren't - today we have different absolute, objective ethical requirements created by God. These are all reasons why irreligious atheists rarely subscribe to deontological ethical systems, though it can't be denied that they can at times have ethical insights to offer.
