What is the Latin word for scotsman?

Answer 1

The word for Scotland in classical Latin was Caledonia, named for its inhabitants, whom the Romans called Caledones. A singular form of this noun is not recorded. However, the adjective Caledonius, "Caledonian," did exist, and Latin regularly used adjectives as nouns, so the term Caledoniusfor "a Caledonian" would certainly have been understood.

In Later Latin Scotland became known as Scotia, a name that had originally referred to Ireland (the Scoti were raiders from Ireland who harried British shores during the Roman occupation). In Medieval times the corresponding adjective scotus was used to refer to Scotsmen; the most famous example is the philosopher Johannes Duns Scotus, "John Duns the Scotsman", from whose name we - unjustly - get the term "dunce." Duns Scotus was reknowned for his intellect in his own time, and was nicknamed Doctor Subtilis, which is to say "Subtle Teacher."