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When water is heated above 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit it boils, turning from a liquid into a gas (steam). So, when it falls below this temperature it changes back into a liquid. A condenser is a chamber like device where a gas is allowed to cool (in this case steam), as it cools below 100 degrees Celsius it becomes water again.

NOTE: The temperature at which water turns into a gas (boils) or changes back to water (condenses) is different depending on the atmospheric pressure of the area it's in. 100 degrees C is the boiling point at one atmosphere pressure or the normal air pressure around you at sea level.

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