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First of all, frequency is the number wave cycles repeated per second, measured in Hz (hertz). So one cycle per second would equal 1Hz. So if you have a 100MHz cable this means that the cable can transfer 100,000,000 wave cycles of current in one second. One cycle of a wave could be from one peak in a wave to the next peak.

Next, bit rate and baud are factors of the speed of current or data transfer. Each 1 and 0 or on and off in a current represents one bit of data. Bit rate is the number of bits of data transfered in one second, measured in bps (bits per second). This means that if this byte of data 01010101 (8 bits) is transfered in one second then it would be measured as 8bps. Baud, or baud rate, is the number of times a current or data signal changes state or symbols per second. In relation, the bit rate is equal to the baud per second multiplied by the number of bits per baud (bps = baud per second * bits per baud). So, in this case, one symbol (01010101 or 11000111) containing 8 bits and changing 1000 bauds per second would yield a rate of 1000 baud and 8000bps or 8Mbps (8 Megabits per second).

Now, having described the the differences in frequency, bit rate, and baud; these factors are all related to bandwidth. In fact, bandwidth is determined by all of these factors including one more factor, which is distance. Bandwidth the the maximum frequency at which data can be transfered effectively, which is measured in hertz. Bandwidth could also be said as the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies of a signal. This is the amount of space available to transfer data over a single wire or airwave. Bandwidth is determined by the frequency, speed, and distance of a signal. Frequency is the key factor though. High frequency means a slower speed or shorter distance, and low frequency means a faster speed or longer distance. If a signal has a high frequency, which would be wave cycles that are closer together, then either the speed has to decrease and the distance has to stay the same, or the distance has to decrease and the speed has to stay the same. If the frequency or the signal is low, which is wave cycles that are further apart, then the speed can increase and the distance stay the same, or the distance can increase and the speed stay the same. So, if you think about a cable with signal being sent across it as a highway and the data bits in the signal as the cars. If two car lengths is one wave length and both cars travel from point A to point B in one second, then the frequency would equal 1Hz because one wave cycle was completed in one second. Now, if we needed two bits of data (cars) to be transfered in one second from point A to point B across the cable (highway) then the bandwidth would be 1Hz. If we needed to get more cars across the highway in the same amount of time then the distance of the highway (cable) or the distance between the cars (data bits) would have to decrease and the speed of the cars could stay the same.

Hope this makes sense and is helpful for those of you with questions.

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