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A comparator(electronic such as an LM393*) works by sampling two input pins and turns on an output when there is ether a difference or similarity of the inputs.
it depends on how the comparator is used int he design.
Say you have a reference voltage on the "inverting"( - ) pin of 5 volts.
And you have the "non-inverting" ( + ) connected to measure a voltage.
when the voltage on the Non-inverting side equals the inverting voltage. the Output
pin will turn on. Usually the Output Pin is open and will switch to ground once the comparator is activated. Remember since most all comparators have open-collector outputs, you will need the pull-up the pin to the source voltage through a resistor to see the switching action.
To make the put act differently, (instead of switching to ground when active) all you need to do is exchange(swap) the input pins.
See www.national.con for a datasheet on the LM393
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