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All standard TTL devices use a two transistor "totempole" output, one transistor provides an active pull down and the other an active pull up. Only one of these transistors is on at a time and one or the other is always on.

Open collector TTL devices omit the active pull up transistor so that several outputs can be "wired" together and an external resistor provides a passive pull up. The only problem with this is the risetime of a passive pullup is much longer than the risetime of an active pull up, making the circuit slower.

Tristate TTL devices have the same two transistor "totempole" output as standard TTL devices, but the circuits that control these transistors are more complex allowing a "third state" in which both transistors are turned off, leaving the output of the device floating. This allows many tristate TTL devices to be connected to a single line with only one actually driving it at a time (preventing conflicts with one device pulling up and another pulling down).

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Q: What is active pull up in TTL NAND gate?
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