The cutoff region is when the transistor doesn't have sufficient base current to drive a larger current from emitter to collector. Therefore, the transistor does not turn on and stays shut off.
The active region of a transistor is when the transistor has sufficient base current to turn the transistor on and for a larger current to flow from emitter to collector. This is the region where the transistor is on and fully operating.
we will operate transistor mainly in 4 regions..namely active ,cutoff,saturation and pinch off region depending on the type of biasing. if it is under active region then transistor is a linear device.. linearity in the sense if the output is proportional to input then it is said to be linear.
a transistor in active region when emitter junction is forward biased nd collector junction is reverse biased
The output current of a transistor is controlled by the current in the 'base' input: Increasing the control current will increase the output current in a more or less linear fashion. In the saturation region, this is no longer true: The transistor is nearing the limits of how much current it can conduct, so increasing the control current further has little or no effect. When using a transistor as an amplifier, you want to stay away from the saturation region as it would distort the signal you are amplifying. When using a transistor as an on/off switch, as in digital circuits, being in the saturated region is 'on' and a normal mode of operation.
The breakdown region of a transistor is the region where the supply voltage, Vcc, becomes so large that the collector-emitter junction of the transistor breaks down and conducts, even though there is no base current.
The active region of a transistor is when the transistor has sufficient base current to turn the transistor on and for a larger current to flow from emitter to collector. This is the region where the transistor is on and fully operating.
For switching applications transistor is biased to operate in the saturation or cutoff region. Transistor in cutoff region will act as an open switching whereas in saturation will act as a closed switch.
Emitter, Collector and Base cutoff region, saturation region, and liner region
we will operate transistor mainly in 4 regions..namely active ,cutoff,saturation and pinch off region depending on the type of biasing. if it is under active region then transistor is a linear device.. linearity in the sense if the output is proportional to input then it is said to be linear.
A simple test to determine if a transistor is in cutoff or saturation is to measure the voltage across the collector-emitter (V_CE) terminal. If V_CE is close to the supply voltage, the transistor is likely in cutoff, indicating it is off. Conversely, if V_CE is very low (typically below 0.3V for a silicon transistor), the transistor is in saturation, meaning it is fully on and allowing maximum current to flow.
The turn-on time in a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) refers to the duration it takes for the transistor to switch from the cutoff region (off state) to the saturation region (on state) after a forward bias is applied. Conversely, the turn-off time is the time required for the BJT to switch from saturation back to cutoff after the bias is removed. These times are influenced by factors such as the transistor's internal capacitances, the base drive current, and the collector-emitter voltage. Minimizing these times is crucial for improving the switching speed in high-frequency applications.
In the context of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the saturation region refers to the state where both the base-emitter and base-collector junctions are forward-biased, allowing maximum current to flow from collector to emitter. The active region occurs when the base-emitter junction is forward-biased while the base-collector junction is reverse-biased, enabling the transistor to amplify signals. The cutoff region is when both junctions are reverse-biased, resulting in minimal current flow, effectively turning the transistor off. These regions define the operational modes of the transistor in electronic circuits.
a transistor in active region when emitter junction is forward biased nd collector junction is reverse biased
depletion layer depletion zone juntion region space charge region bipolar transistor field effect transistor variable capacitance diode
a transistor can only work in active region cox in active region collector base junction is in reverse bias and emitter base junction is in forward bias.
The output current of a transistor is controlled by the current in the 'base' input: Increasing the control current will increase the output current in a more or less linear fashion. In the saturation region, this is no longer true: The transistor is nearing the limits of how much current it can conduct, so increasing the control current further has little or no effect. When using a transistor as an amplifier, you want to stay away from the saturation region as it would distort the signal you are amplifying. When using a transistor as an on/off switch, as in digital circuits, being in the saturated region is 'on' and a normal mode of operation.
Biasing is used in a transistor amplifier circuit in order to place the transistor as nearly as possible in the center of its linear region. Transistors have cutoff, linear, and saturation regions. Too little bias current, and you enter cutoff - Too much, and you saturate. Both conditions cause distortion when you attempt to use the transistor as an amplifier, as opposed to a switch.