A spike is a sudden rise in current that then goes back to normal. Usually caused by a sudden increase in voltage that could be caused by a lightening strike, for example.
Unfortunately GFIs don't like motor loads. The start up current required to start the motor is often 125-150% of the running load current draw. This initial spike in current draw when the motor is energized is sometimes "misread" by the GFI as current going to ground or an imbalance between the hot and neutral current. If your GFI has tripped numerous times, it is likely getting "weak". Try replacing it first. If it still continues to trip, replace your vent fan motor.
A phase current is the current passing through a phase, whereas a line current is the current flowing through a line.
In circuit breakers this feature will provide faster or slower responses for larger or smaller overcurrents, respectively. Ie Big overcurrents will trip quickly, and small overcurrents will allow more time before tripping. This is good as it allows overcurrents time to correct themselves (like when a refrigerator motor fires up there is a spike in current) without tripping and requiring attention; and larger overcurrents (faults) will trip quickly keeping the circuit safe from overloading, and say, catching fire.
the collector current is directly proportional to the base current
DC or Direct Current. The current is no alternating.
by using capacitor on the line we can reduce spike current or we can use a capacitor bank for the rated line capacity.
A transient, surge, spike, etc.
power surge
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Easy answer? Use a surge-protector. An electrical surge is a spike in power. Its essentially a voltage spike which induces a corresponding current spike in the load. Remember, power is the product of current AND voltage. To protect digital logic circuits, engineers use a Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS), which works kind of like a zener diode and is designed to absorb short high power pulses. Alternatively they could build a little circuit with two diodes and a capacitor. Most surge protectors use a Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) sold by GE, aka ZNR Transient/Surge Absorbers sold by Panasonic. It is equivalent to two back to back zener diodes in series. These can handle much larger current surges. In an ideal system, it would pass voltage accross to the load but sink the current, thus protecting the load from the current spike but it wouldn't do anything to the voltage spike. In the real world, the inductance of the wires used will absorb most of the voltage spike, and the MOV sinks the current spike. Some manufacturers may even add a parallel capacitor for additional filtering, and even better with a discrete series inductor.
When you close an inductive circuit, since an inductor resists a change in current, the initial reaction of the load is to look like a high resistance. As current builds, the resistance falls. With a theoretical source and inductor, current would eventually reach infinity, that is after infinite time, but practical sources and inductors will reach a plateau current. When you open an inductive circuit, again, since an inductor resists a change in current, the inductor attempts to maintain that current, but there is no conductivity for that current so, the inductor presents a high voltage spike in the reverse direction it was initially "charged" with. With a theoretical inductor, and theoretical infinite impedance, the voltage spike would be infinite. Again, practical inductors have a maximum voltage spike, but this spike can still be quite high, even thousands of volts, which can damage the circuit, so it is important to maintain a conduction path for the collapsing field, often a diode, or a resistor/capacitor filter.
A GFCI measures difference in output to return current. A Overload breaker in your panel is what trips from too much current. many are time delay and will not trip immediately from the less than a second of start up current spike.
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Yes. Circuit breakers are designed to accommodate for a short-lived current spike. The motor does not draw high current for long at starting and hence it's possible.
A spike
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