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The capacity of a hydro power plant can be calculated using the formula:

[ \text{Power (Watts)} = \text{Flow rate (m}^3/\text{s)} \times \text{Water density (kg/m}^3) \times \text{Gravity (m/s}^2) \times \text{Height (m)} \times \text{Efficiency} ]

In this formula, the flow rate represents the volume of water passing through the turbine per second, water density is typically about 1000 kg/m³, gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s², the height is the vertical drop of water (also called head), and efficiency accounts for energy losses in the system.

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