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Voltage regulation:(from point of view of electrical machines or generator):

It is the change in voltage in between the full loaded and no loaded condition.

When there are no loads connected the terminal voltage is equal to the generated voltage in the generator. But when load is connected the terminal voltage is found to be lass than the no loaded condition, due to armature resistance leakage reactance.This phenomena is expressed as, % reg=(Vnl-Vfl)/Vfl * 100%.Which is Voltage regulation.

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An ideal voltage source has zero internal impedance. A practical one, even a good one, has internal impedance.

With no load on the source, the terminal voltage will have a given value.

Once a load current is drawn there will be a voltage drop across the source's internal impedance, and the terminal voltage will therefore drop. The higher the load current, the higher the voltage drop.

A regulator circuit, added after the source, can counter the effect of the source's impedance and maintain an output voltage which is more constant than the source itself can achieve.

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