Winding copper losses of a transformer can be measured in a short circuit test of a transformer. Impedance voltage is given to the primary and the secondary is often shortcircuited. (some times the reverse is done of this). Full load currents are made to flow in both primary and secondary circuits. This current flow heats up the 2 windings of the transformer. Power consumed at this time gives the transformer copper losses.
I am so sorry for your core losses
An open-circuit test is done with the transformer running at its rated voltage but with no load. This measures the power lost in the magnetic core. (IR Losses) A short-circuit test is done with the transformer running at its full rated current in all windings but at a low voltage. The secondary is shorted and the primary voltage is adjusted to give the rated current. This measures the power lost in the copper windings. (Copper losses)
Short circuit test and open circuit test are widely used to test the efficiency of the transformer.
When 2 turns of an inductor or transformer short together.
A fuse or a circuit breaker can be added directly after the power source (and possibly a transformer) to do this.
The transformer can be tested on open and short circuit to find the iron losses and copper losses separately, which uses a fraction of the power than having to run the transformer on full-load.
I am so sorry for your core losses
In a short-circuit test the normal load current is passed through the transformer with minimal voltage applied. This means that the magnetic flux density in the core is also minimal, so that the only losses are the resistive losses of the transformer windings.
Because a short-circuit test is done at very low voltage to check the transformer windings on their maximum current. The low voltage ensures that the magnetic flux in the transformer's iron core is very low so that the eddy-current losses, usually known as iron losses, are negligible.
A short-circuit test is done to determine the power lost in the resistance of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. It is done at full load current but with only enough voltage to give the required current with the secondary short circuited. An open-circuit test is done at full load voltage but no current is taken from the secondary, and this enables the power lost in the magnetic core of the transformer to be measured. As well a power, the tests also allow the inductances to be measured as well as the resistances, in order ot characterise the transformer fully.
An open-circuit test is done with the transformer running at its rated voltage but with no load. This measures the power lost in the magnetic core. (IR Losses) A short-circuit test is done with the transformer running at its full rated current in all windings but at a low voltage. The secondary is shorted and the primary voltage is adjusted to give the rated current. This measures the power lost in the copper windings. (Copper losses)
By performing no load and short circuit tests. These are outlined in ANSII and IEEE literature.
Open circuit means the circuit is not continuous . A short circuit is continuous but has a fault connecting between either live to neutral or earth .As result of this we saw that this answer is unsufficent to explain short and open circuit on the other hand you can use this answer also like i did:)
Short circuit current will increase a lot.
why does have to short-circuit secondary wire of current transformer ?
Short circuit test and open circuit test are widely used to test the efficiency of the transformer.
The short-circuit test on a transformer primarily assesses the copper losses, represented by i²R losses, because it is performed at a reduced voltage that allows full-load current to flow while keeping the output voltage low. In this condition, the magnetic circuit is already magnetized from prior tests, so the core does not require significant additional magnetizing current, thus minimizing excitation losses. Consequently, the test focuses on the resistive losses in the windings rather than losses due to hysteresis or eddy currents in the core.