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The oxidation state of phosphorous in PCl5 is +5.The valence shell has 5 electrons.It

therefore cannot increase its oxidation state more than 5.Therefore PCl5 cannot act as

a reducing agent as it cannot donate electrons.The oxidation state can be decreased to

+3 by gaining electrons. There for PCl5 can act as a oxidizing agent.A example is given

below along with the change in oxidation states of phosphorous.

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