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Describe the path of a newly synthesized polypeptide from a ribosome to the cell surface?

After synthesis in the ribosome, the polypeptide chain is usually transported to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it undergoes post-translational modifications and folding. From the ER, the polypeptide enters the Golgi apparatus for further processing before being packaged into vesicles and transported to the cell surface. Finally, the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, releasing the polypeptide to the cell surface.


What The rough ER is the site of what?

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is the site of protein synthesis and processing. Its ribosomes give it a "rough" appearance and are responsible for translating mRNA into polypeptide chains, which are then folded and modified within the rough ER. Additionally, the rough ER plays a role in the quality control of proteins, ensuring that only properly folded proteins proceed to their next destinations.


What are the organelles involved for the processing proteins?

The organelles involved in processing proteins include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus. The rough ER is responsible for synthesizing proteins, particularly those that are secreted or membrane-bound, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification. Once synthesized, proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus, where they undergo further modifications, sorting, and packaging for delivery to their final destinations. Additionally, ribosomes play a crucial role in translating mRNA into polypeptide chains, initiating the protein synthesis process.


When does the polypeptide stop growing?

The polypeptide stops growing when it reaches a stop codon on the mRNA during translation. This signals the ribosome to release the polypeptide chain, which then undergoes further processing to become a functional protein.


Which orgenelle(s) is (are) involved in protein synthesis in a cell?

The organelles involved in protein synthesis are the ribosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER, where they translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains. The rough ER further modifies and folds these proteins before they are transported to the Golgi apparatus for processing and distribution. Additionally, the nucleus plays a crucial role by synthesizing mRNA from DNA, which serves as the template for protein synthesis.


What continues and finishes some of the ER functions?

The Golgi apparatus finishes processing, modification or packaging a protein after it leaves the ER.


What is the function of Rough endoplasmic reteculume?

The rough ER is the site of protein synthesis as the ribosomes that stud it's surface put the growing polypeptide chain into the lumen of the rough ER. Also the rough ER is the site of some modifications to the protein before it goes to the Golgi body.


A system of membranes that is found in a cells cytoplasm and that assists in the processing and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids is?

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). The Rough ER is attached to the nuclear membrane while the Smooth ER is not.


What organelle of a cell is responsible for synthesis of new molecules?

The organelle responsible for the synthesis of new molecules in a cell is the ribosome. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where they translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. Additionally, the endoplasmic reticulum (specifically the rough ER) is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins, while the smooth ER is responsible for lipid synthesis. Together, these organelles play key roles in the production of various biomolecules.


What is the main difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?

The main difference between rough ER and smooth ER is the presence of ribosomes. Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface, which gives it a rough appearance, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes. Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and processing, while smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.


What the is difference between rough ER smooth ER?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes attached to its surface, giving it a bumpy appearance, and is responsible for protein synthesis and processing. Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification, and storage of calcium ions.


What organelles can be either bound to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm and they function in protein synthesis?

Ribosomes are the organelles that can be either bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (forming rough ER) or free in the cytoplasm. They are responsible for protein synthesis by translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.