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Describe the path of a newly synthesized polypeptide from a ribosome to the cell surface?

After synthesis in the ribosome, the polypeptide chain is usually transported to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it undergoes post-translational modifications and folding. From the ER, the polypeptide enters the Golgi apparatus for further processing before being packaged into vesicles and transported to the cell surface. Finally, the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, releasing the polypeptide to the cell surface.


When does the polypeptide stop growing?

The polypeptide stops growing when it reaches a stop codon on the mRNA during translation. This signals the ribosome to release the polypeptide chain, which then undergoes further processing to become a functional protein.


What continues and finishes some of the ER functions?

The Golgi apparatus finishes processing, modification or packaging a protein after it leaves the ER.


What is the function of Rough endoplasmic reteculume?

The rough ER is the site of protein synthesis as the ribosomes that stud it's surface put the growing polypeptide chain into the lumen of the rough ER. Also the rough ER is the site of some modifications to the protein before it goes to the Golgi body.


A system of membranes that is found in a cells cytoplasm and that assists in the processing and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids is?

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). The Rough ER is attached to the nuclear membrane while the Smooth ER is not.


What is the main difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?

The main difference between rough ER and smooth ER is the presence of ribosomes. Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface, which gives it a rough appearance, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes. Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and processing, while smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.


What the is difference between rough ER smooth ER?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes attached to its surface, giving it a bumpy appearance, and is responsible for protein synthesis and processing. Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification, and storage of calcium ions.


What is another name for a protein chain?

the answer would be.... polypeptide


Is protein larger in size compared to a polypeptide?

A protein is a polypeptide.


What chain is sequences of amino acids that is the foundation for the basic structure of a protein?

polypeptide chain


What organelles can be either bound to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm and they function in protein synthesis?

Ribosomes are the organelles that can be either bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (forming rough ER) or free in the cytoplasm. They are responsible for protein synthesis by translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.


What is the difference between proteins made on free ribosomes and proteins made on ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

All proteins start out being translated on free ribosomes. Some proteins have a signal peptide sequences that will stop them from being translated on a free ribosome and send them to the ER. The ER recognizes this sequence and allows the protein to complete translation on an ER ribosome. Proteins translated on the ER, generally, are destined for the cell surface, Lysosomes, Golgi, or remain residents of the ER. Proteins that are terminally translated on free ribosomes, generally, go to the mitochondria, the nucleus, peroxisomes, or remain in the cytoplasm.