file, printer, applications, and data base service
following are the different layers of computer1:APPLICATION PROGRAMS/USER2:UTILITY3:O.S4.HARDWARE
The Internet protocol stack, often referred to as the TCP/IP model, consists of five layers: the application layer, transport layer, internet layer, link layer, and physical layer. The application layer handles high-level protocols and user interfaces, while the transport layer ensures reliable data transfer between hosts. The internet layer is responsible for routing packets across networks, and the link layer manages the physical transmission of data over network interfaces. The physical layer deals with the actual hardware and transmission mediums used to transmit data.
It was in 1800, Alessandro Volta made a battery (also known as a voltaic pile), made from alternating layers of zinc and copper. This battery provided scientisists with a more reliable source of electrical energy that the electrostatic machines previously used.
with single programming language we cannot do anything on the internet. Actually every application in java is divided into three layers. Presentation layer, Application layer, Data layer. Every layer has its own specification. Presentation layer role is to interact with client means presentation layer takes input from the user and send it to Application layer. Application layer is a business logic layer. All the logic is done in this layer. Data layer contains the data. for example:- suppose user enters student no. and student name in presentation layer, from here the data is send to application layer. In application layer we can write the logic for inserting, deleting, retriving and modifying the user data in database. From here the controller goes to datalayer to fetch data from database and sends the data back to user then the user see the corresponding data in the presentation layer. For presentation layer: html, jsp, velocity etc are used. For application layer: ejb, hibernate....... for data layer: oracle.......
General JDBC Architecture consist of two layers: JDBC API - this provides the application to JDBC manager connection. JDBC driver API - this supports the JDBC manager to driver connection.
Application, transport, Internet, and Network Interface.
Answer: Application, transport, Internet, and Network Interface.
The Internet model consists of 4 layers: Application layer, Transport layer, Network layer, and Link layer. Each layer is responsible for specific functions in the process of sending data over the Internet.
The Seven layers of the OSI model are: Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data-Link Physical I think the answer to your question is the Application layer.
Without a application, you wont be able to get onto the internet. For example; an Operating System is a application which applications are / can be installed into it. Applications run to allow internet to get through to your computer. Browsers are a addon application which allows different content over the WWW (World Wide Web). Basically, look at it like this. There are many layers of applications which provide you with internet content.
Layers can be classified in various ways, but some common classifications include physical, network, data link, transport, session, presentation, and application layers in the OSI model, and application, middleware, and data layers in software development.
Application: FTP, SMTP, HTTP Transport : TCP, UTP Network : IP, routing protocols Link : PPP ethernet Physical : bit
following are the different layers of computer1:APPLICATION PROGRAMS/USER2:UTILITY3:O.S4.HARDWARE
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There are exactly four layers Application layer Trasport layer Internet layer similar to n/ w layer in OSI model N/w interface like data link layer. TCP/IP model doesnt have physical layer , presentation layer and session layers.
Application Presentation Session
application,presentation,settion,transport,network.presentation