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Applying turn ratio to a transformer is to step up or step down voltage in an AC system. If you apply a 120V/60Hz (US outlet) to a 3:1 tranformer, you will output a 40V/60Hz signal as the primary side (input) has 3 times the turns (windings) as the secondary (output). From the law of conservation of energy, the secondary side (40V) will now have 3 times the current than the input.

120V x 3A = 360 Watts

40V x 9A = 360 Watts

Example: 40V AC Motor with 9A has more torque than a 120V AC Motor with 3 Amps as current is porportional to torque. Voltage is porportional to speed.

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