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Java compiles to byte code suitable for interpretation by the Java virtual machine, whereas C and C++ both compile to native machine code. Thus C and C++ programs perform better than equivalent Java programs. However, Java programs can run on any machine with a suitable Java virtual machine implementation, which is pretty much everything these days. C and C++ programs must be compiled separately upon each supported platform, provided the source code is either generic or includes compiler directives to filter the platform-specific code. Java programs need only be compiled once, thus cross-platform development is greatly simplified, at the cost of performance.

C and Java cannot really be compared since C does not support object-oriented programming concepts. C++ is object-oriented but, unlike Java, it is not 100% object-oriented as it supports the concept of primitive data types that it inherited from C. Java is more closely related to C#, which is 100% object oriented.

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