What is difference in operating threads or process threads?

Answer 1

A process is an instance of a computer program. Each process has its own address space and executes concurrently with other processes. If the system has multiple CPU cores, two or more processes may execute simultaneously.

Every process has at least one thread of execution, the main thread. Any thread within a process can instantiate a new thread of execution within that same process. Every thread shares the same address space as the process itself, however each thread has its own local stack. This makes it possible for two threads to call the same function concurrently. If the system has multiple CPU cores, two or more threads within the same processes may execute simultaneously.

Programmers use multiple thread to divide complex tasks into simpler tasks that can be executed concurrently. As a simple example, suppose we must search an unsorted array of 1 million elements. We could use a single thread and search the entire array from beginning to end but there's a 50/50 chance the element we are looking for resides in the second half of the array which means that we'd need to search through 500,000 elements on average. By dividing the array between two worker threads we should get a result twice as quickly because each thread now only searches an average of 250,000 elements. It therefore follows that the more threads we utilise, the quicker we should get a result, but that's only true up to a point because the number of threads we can physically execute simultaneously depends on the number of CPU cores available. If all threads execute upon the same core then there is no point in multi-threading this particular task. Nevertheless, the task is likely to take some time to complete so it would still be beneficial to delegate the task to at least one worker thread.

For example, if the main thread manages a message queue, the worker thread can post messages to the queue to keep the main thread abreast of its progress. Meanwhile, the user can continue to interact with the process, posting messages to the queue to perhaps initiate another search (in another thread). In this way the main thread's task is reduced to nothing more than processing messages and delegating tasks to worker threads. This is clearly an over-simplification, however it's this type of multi-threading that makes it possible for a graphical user interface to remain responsive to user interactions while time-consuming tasks are being carried out in the background by worker threads.

Answer 2

A process is a single program that is running in memory, which is assigned its own address space. Multiple processes can not share memory, and attempts to access memory outside of what is assigned to your process will give you a segmentation fault.

A thread is capable of sharing address space with other threads, so for example, you could have a single process that creates a queue and spawns two threads, one that produces into to the queue and another that consumes from the queue. These two threads run separately but share the same memory space.

Answer 3

Every process has at least one thread, the main thread. However threads can spawn new threads. Every thread in a process shares the same virtual memory space but has its own stack. Threads allow a process to perform concurrent tasks.

Answer 4

operating thread is nothing but a simple programs or some information is provided in a row where process threads are the which a single sequence stream within a process