I'm not going to give you the mathematical description, just the general description. A capacitor is designed so that it can absorb a certain amount of electricity, in the way a sponge can absorb water. The specific amount that it can absorb is called its capacitance. This is a variation of the word capacity.
Capacitor voltage
A: Both nomenclature are indicator of capacitance it can be used both ways. However the predominate usage is capacitor since it resemble capacitance
A capacitor resists a change in voltage, proportional to current, and inversely proportional to capacitance. The equation of a capacitor is dv/dt = i/c.
Not much if it is a fixed capaitor. If it is a variable capacitor, rotating the shaft to mesh the two sets of plates more closely will increase the capacitance.
You measure the capacitance of a capacitor in an active circuit by observing the voltage across it and the current through it. That gives you, by Ohm's law, the impedance of the capacitor. Plug that in the the equation for capacitive reactance, and you get capacitance. Note: There is no such thing as a three phase capacitor. A capacitor is a two terminal device that resists a change in voltage inversely proportional to its capacitance. You connect one capacitor to one phase. If you have a "three phase capacitor", then you are talking about three capacitors. Deal with each one separately.
capacitance will tend to zero
That term to me is incorrect it should be capacitance impedance. Resistance is linear impedance. CAPACITANCE will follow a vector caused by the capacitor value.
The relationship between potential difference and capacitance in a capacitor is that the potential difference across a capacitor is directly proportional to its capacitance. This means that as the capacitance of a capacitor increases, the potential difference across it also increases, and vice versa.
The capacitor is an electronic device. Capacitance is the energy stored within this device.
A capacitor is a device that stores an electrical charge, or if you prefer- resists any change in voltage applied to it. Capacitance is a measure of the size or ability of a capacitor to do that. This is the Farad
Capacitor is the name of the device and capacitance is a measure of farads in the capacitor. Capacitance is the capacity for storing charge in the capacitor as measured in farads, micro farads or millifarads.
Capacitor voltage
The two factors that determine the capacitive reactance of a capacitor are the frequency of the AC voltage applied to the capacitor and the capacitance value of the capacitor. At higher frequencies and with larger capacitance values, the capacitive reactance decreases.
increase the capacitance of the capacitor by a factor of two. This is because capacitance is directly proportional to the area of the plates.
The electric field strength in a parallel plate capacitor is directly proportional to the capacitance of the capacitor. This means that as the capacitance increases, the electric field strength also increases.
ratio of capacitance of capacitor is given by charge\potential
To test an AC capacitor with a digital multimeter, set the multimeter to the capacitance setting. Disconnect the capacitor from the circuit and discharge it. Connect the multimeter leads to the capacitor terminals and read the capacitance value displayed on the multimeter screen. Compare this value to the rated capacitance of the capacitor to determine if it is functioning properly.