It depends on whether it is copper or aluminium, what its cross-sectional area is, and how it is to be installed. If you know all these things, then you can look it up in the tables provided in your country's wiring regulations. In the UK, this is BS 7671:2008 Requirements for Electrical Installations.
The tables within Appendix 4; "Current-carrying capacity and voltage drop for cables and flexible cords." 4D1 to 4J4. For each type of cable, you will find (with a couple of exceptions) a Table A for current-carrying capacity values and following it, a Table B for voltage drop values.
The UK wire tables for 1.0 mm2 three-core domestic cable (live/neutral/earth) specify a limit of 10 amps.
there will be current that isn't carried by the current carrying conductors
because when ever fault current occurs then the cable wont get damaged due to cable armored earthing to the gland for fault current to pass through groung
If you are referring to an 11-kV underground cable, these are normally armoured and, in the case of older cables, have a lead sheath to prevent moisture ingress into the cable. The lead sheath and metal armour are earthed to ensure that, in the event of mechanical damage to the cable, there is a low-resistance path back to the source to sufficient earth-fault current flows in order to operate the circuit's protective system. Overhead lines do not normally have a separate earth conductor.
The tables within Appendix 4; "Current-carrying capacity and voltage drop for cables and flexible cords." 4D1 to 4J4. For each type of cable, you will find (with a couple of exceptions) a Table A for current-carrying capacity values and following it, a Table B for voltage drop values.
The UK wire tables for 1.0 mm2 three-core domestic cable (live/neutral/earth) specify a limit of 10 amps.
To design an earth cable and earth pit system, you need to first calculate the soil resistivity of the site. Then, determine the required earthing resistance based on the equipment to be protected. Choose an appropriate cable size based on the calculated current-carrying capacity, and determine the length needed to achieve the desired resistance. Finally, design and construct the earth pit with proper dimensions and materials to ensure effective grounding.
The carrying capacity of the Earth is only an estimated number since the data does not exist for an accurate number. It is said that the carrying capacity of the Earth is up to 40 billion people.
because of the gravity of the earth
there will be current that isn't carried by the current carrying conductors
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek did not estimate Earth's carrying capacity. He was a Dutch scientist known for his work in microscopy and is considered the father of microbiology for his discovery of bacteria and other microorganisms using his homemade microscopes.
A population's carrying capacity is the amount of organisms a certain environment can sustain. If the number of organisms exceeds carrying capacity the resources in the environment will be depleted resulting in a carrying capacity drop followed by a drop in the population of organisms.
Earth has a carrying capacity for humans, which is the maximum population that can be sustained by the resources available on the planet. Factors such as food, water, and energy availability, as well as environmental impacts like pollution and climate change, all contribute to determining the Earth's carrying capacity for humans. By managing resources sustainably and reducing environmental degradation, we can help ensure that the Earth can support its human population in the long term.
As a rough estimate, for medium voltage cables directly buried in earth, I use 2 A / mm^2 for copper conductors, and 1.2 A/mm^2 for aluminum conductors. However, the installed capacity of a cable is mostly dependent on how much heat can be dissipated to its surroundings, and ultimately the maximum temperature of the insulation material. For this reason, it is important to know how the cable will be installed, what conductor is used (Al or Cu), the cable insulation (for both thickness and operating temperature limits), soil thermal resistance (if buried), and if there are other heat sources (cables, process pipes, incident solar radiation, etc) are nearby. There are several cable manufacturers that provide reference current ratings for nominal installations. Check Nexans, Prysmian, or Okonite (US dimensions).
because when ever fault current occurs then the cable wont get damaged due to cable armored earthing to the gland for fault current to pass through groung
Humans need to maintain enough space and resources to increase the earth's capacity for all species. They have to make sure that they and other people have enough to survive.