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1. In wet cooling tower Two phase flow heat trasfer 2. To remove sensible heat from water is very critical 3.It depends on water droplet size ,fills design,orientastion and climatical condition. But in dry cooling tower, Air is the only media to remove the heat from the source 1. In wet cooling tower Two phase flow heat trasfer 2. To remove sensible heat from water is very critical 3.It depends on water droplet size ,fills design,orientastion and climatical condition. But in dry cooling tower, Air is the only media to remove the heat from the source 1. In wet cooling tower Two phase flow heat trasfer 2. To remove sensible heat from water is very critical 3.It depends on water droplet size ,fills design,orientastion and climatical condition. But in dry cooling tower, Air is the only media to remove the heat from the source 1. In wet cooling tower Two phase flow heat trasfer 2. To remove sensible heat from water is very critical 3.It depends on water droplet size ,fills design,orientastion and climatical condition. But in dry cooling tower, Air is the only media to remove the heat from the source
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What is approach of a cooling tower?
Cooling towers are a very important part of many chemical plants. The primary task of a cooling tower is to reject heat into the atmosphere. They represent a relatively inexpensive and dependable means of removing low-grade heat fromcooling water. The make-up water source is used to replenish water lost to evaporation. Hot water fromheat exchangers is sent to the cooling tower. The water exits the cooling tower and is sent back to the exchangers or to other units for further cooling. Cooled water is needed for, for example, air conditioners, manufacturing processes or power generation. A cooling tower is an equipment usedto reduce the temperature of a water stream by extracting heat from water and emitting it tothe atmosphere. Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere. As a result, the remainder of the water is cooled down significantly (Figure 1). Cooling towers are able to lower the water temperatures more than devices that use only air to reject heat, like the radiator in a car, and are therefore more cost-effective and energy efficient.
What is cooling tower fogging?
cooling tower cleaning is required when the actual approach temp is significantly higher than the design. this may be due to fouling of spray nozzles of water distribution system and or fouling of fills media specially in film fill type cooling towers. This fouling materials is mainly consist of biofilms, calcium salts trapped in biofilm, dust & dirt. on line chemical cleaning followed by a good scale cum dispersant chemicals are required to control any further fouling of the cooling tower in future. Bashist Kumar Vasu chemicals
When would you use a cocurrent flow heat exchanger over a countercurrent flow?
When high temperatures may damage a heated fluid and heating requirements are low enough that can be met by the heating media temperature. Cocurrent flow heat transfer has lower heating (or cooling) capacity than counterflow and there is a theoretical cocurrent flow temperature limit achievable which is lower in heating (or higher in cooling) than the temperature achievable in counterflow.
What is the efficiency of a 12 volt electric motor?
Efficiency of any electrical machine is maximum when the load on that machine is such that the variable loss ( copper loss) is equal to constant loss (eddy current loss, hysteresis etc).the same applies to dc machines too.
Why are distribution transformers frequently designed to develop maximum efficiency at loads that are somewhat lower than rated value?
It is always desirable to run any equipment or device at maximum efficiency for that matter, not only the power transformer. Power transformer maximum efficiency occurs when copper loss is equal to iron loss. (or no load loss equals to load loss). This does not necessariliy mean that maximum efficiency occurs at maximum or full load. Generally the maximum efficiency occurs at relatively less than full load of the transformer.
If wet bulb temperature is 35 and outlet water temperature from cooling tower is 25 then the cooling tower approach will be effective and what is the solution?
If the wet bulb temperature is 35 and the outlet water temperature from the cooling tower is 25, the approach is effective as the outlet water temperature is 10 degrees lower than the wet bulb temperature. To further improve efficiency, you can optimize the cooling tower's operation by adjusting airflow, water flow rate, and checking for any fouling or scaling in the tower. Regular maintenance and monitoring can also help ensure optimal performance.
What pollution do cooling towers produce?
None - the emissions from a cooling tower is nothing more than steam.
Which engine wastes the most energy?
I would say, heat engine on earth would waste the most energy since it is always limited by thermodynamic efficiency to have some loss. In general, lower the temperature difference will resulted to lower the efficiency, a simple steam engine for a train would be of lower efficiency than a internal combustion engine and lower than complex high pressure steam turbine and is probably the lowest engine efficiency in commercial scale.
What is approach of a cooling tower?
Cooling towers are a very important part of many chemical plants. The primary task of a cooling tower is to reject heat into the atmosphere. They represent a relatively inexpensive and dependable means of removing low-grade heat fromcooling water. The make-up water source is used to replenish water lost to evaporation. Hot water fromheat exchangers is sent to the cooling tower. The water exits the cooling tower and is sent back to the exchangers or to other units for further cooling. Cooled water is needed for, for example, air conditioners, manufacturing processes or power generation. A cooling tower is an equipment usedto reduce the temperature of a water stream by extracting heat from water and emitting it tothe atmosphere. Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere. As a result, the remainder of the water is cooled down significantly (Figure 1). Cooling towers are able to lower the water temperatures more than devices that use only air to reject heat, like the radiator in a car, and are therefore more cost-effective and energy efficient.
Why did the North Tower last so much longer than the south tower?
The south tower was hit at a much lower spot and the weight above it caused it to collapse.
What are the problems of steam engine trains?
Lower efficiency than diesel, and much higher maintenance .
What is cooling tower fogging?
cooling tower cleaning is required when the actual approach temp is significantly higher than the design. this may be due to fouling of spray nozzles of water distribution system and or fouling of fills media specially in film fill type cooling towers. This fouling materials is mainly consist of biofilms, calcium salts trapped in biofilm, dust & dirt. on line chemical cleaning followed by a good scale cum dispersant chemicals are required to control any further fouling of the cooling tower in future. Bashist Kumar Vasu chemicals
What are some of the advantages of water cooling?
Water cooling systems can offer superior cooling performance compared to air cooling, leading to lower temperatures for your components. They are often quieter than air cooling solutions due to the use of larger, slower-spinning fans. Water cooling can also provide a more aesthetically pleasing look with customizable options for tubing and lighting.
How does spray cooling contribute to the efficiency of heat dissipation in electronic devices?
Spray cooling enhances heat dissipation in electronic devices by using a fine mist of liquid to absorb and carry away heat more effectively than traditional methods. This helps to prevent overheating and improve overall efficiency of the device.
Why Cooling tower are hyperbolic in shape?
Contrary to popular belief, the shape of a hyperbolic natural draft cooling tower has nothing to do with the airflow through it. The airflow through the tower is generated by the difference in density of the warm, humid air inside the tower, versus the relatively cool, dense ambient air outside the tower. This density difference causes a natural "draft" also known as the chimney or stack effect. If the temperature of the air outside the cooling tower is less than the temperature of air inside the cooling tower, the dense air outside forces the hot, humid air inside to travel upwards and thus provides the natural ventilation. For this reason you can see openings at the bottom of the hyperbolic cooling towers (Natural Draft Cooling Towers). Plant cooling water is sprayed over "fill" which is usually a grid of thin PVC sheets arranged in a honeycomb, placed near the lower end of the tower, just above the air openings at the bottom. The water is cooled by the natural draft of the ambient air traveling up through the fill, while the water cascades down the fill. Originally, natural draft cooling towers were cylindrical in shape. As the design of these types of towers evolved, and the towers were made increasingly larger, the cylindrical shape was changed to hyperbolic, since a hyperbolic shape offers superior structural strength and resistance to ambient wind loadings. For a structure of the size of some of these towers, the wind loading can be substantial.
Why is the mechanical efficiency of most compound machines lower than most simple machines?
It is lower because compound machines have more moving parts that a simple machine does.
What is the definition of Kelvin?
It is impossible to drive a continuous supply of work by cooling a body to a temperature lower than of the coldest of its surrounding,
