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The ability to modify a scheme definition in one level without affecting a scheme definition in next higher level is called data independence there are two types of data independence physical data independence:- refers to the ability to modify the scheme followed at the physical level without affecting the scheme followed at logical level logical data independence:- refers to the ability to modify the conceptual scheme without affecting the schemes followed at view level logical independence is difficult to achieve
logical data : refer to the immunity of the external scheme towards changes in the conceptual scheme.physical data: refer to the immunity of the conceptual scheme towards changes in the internal scheme.
Both of them is very important in programming.
what step is critical to ensure that you dont lose important data during installation
What are the important of electronic data processing and manual data processing? What_are_the_importants_of_electronic_data_processing_and_manual_data_processing
means data is not dependent on the other data. why? because it makes easier for you
Hi, Data Independence refers to the immunity of user application to make changes in the definition and organization of Data. There are three types of Data Independence - 1. Logical Data Independence - The ability to change the logical (conceptual) schema without changing the External schema (User View) is called logical data independence. 2. Physical Data Independence - The ability to change the physical schema without changing the logical schema is called physical data independence. 3. View Data Independence - always independent,no effect.
Logical data independence is considered more difficult than physical data independence because it involves changes to the conceptual schema and external schema, which are more closely tied to the way data is organized and viewed in the application. Physical data independence, on the other hand, deals with changes to the internal schema, which is more abstract and can be modified with less impact on the overall system.
It is generally considered more difficult to achieve logical data independence compared to physical data independence. Logical data independence involves separating the conceptual structure of the data from the physical storage aspects, which can be complex depending on the database design. Physical data independence primarily deals with shielding the application from changes in the storage structure, which is usually more straightforward to achieve.
Data independence is a form of database management that keeps data separated from all programs that make use of the data. As a cornerstone for the idea of a DBMS or database management system, data independence ensures that the data cannot be redefined or reorganized by any of the programs that make use of the data. In this manner, the dataremains accessible, but is also stable and cannot be corrupted by the applications using it.
Logical data independence refers to the key feature of database management system that helps maintain data integrity and the overall effectiveness of the data usage. It is very important as it allows for the modification of the conceptual schema without disturbing the external schema.
the logical data independence is hard to achieve because all the manipulation is belonging in logical data independence but in physical data independence only show the physical view .
the ability to modify the structure or schema of one level without affecting the other level is call data independence it is of two type physical data independence logical data independence
Logical data independence refers to the ability to modify the conceptual schema without changing the external schemas or application programs. In contrast, physical data independence allows changes to the internal schema – like indexes and storage structures – without affecting the conceptual or external schemas.
The ability to modify a scheme definition in one level without affecting a scheme definition in next higher level is called data independence there are two types of data independence physical data independence:- refers to the ability to modify the scheme followed at the physical level without affecting the scheme followed at logical level logical data independence:- refers to the ability to modify the conceptual scheme without affecting the schemes followed at view level logical independence is difficult to achieve
logical data : refer to the immunity of the external scheme towards changes in the conceptual scheme.physical data: refer to the immunity of the conceptual scheme towards changes in the internal scheme.
How important are the ideals of the declartion of independence to you today?why