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In most countries electrical power is generated at high voltages, such as 11 kilovolts.

The reason for this is that it is much more efficient to generate and distribute electrical power at such a high voltage instead of at lower voltages.

For more information please see the answer to the Related Question shown below: 'Why is electricity transported in high voltage but not in current?'.

Another reason is something historical: in olden days when the electricity became popular, engineers had a misconception that there would be a voltage loss of around 10% in the transmission line. So, in order to get 10 kilovolts at the load point, they started sending 11 kilovolts from supply side. This is the reason. It has nothing to do with form factor (1.11).

Nowadays that reasoning has changed and we are using 400V instead of 440V, or, in Europe and other 50Hz areas of the world, 230V instead of 220V.

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15y ago

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