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It is passive voice.
"David climbed the tree" is in the active voice."The tree was climbed by David" is in the passive voice.
The voice of the verb is passive when the subject receives the action. Examples: The tree was cut by the lumberjack. (passive voice) The lumberjack cut the tree. (active voice)
C is the only sentence in the passive voice.
The tree was planted by Mary.
It is passive voice.
"David climbed the tree" is in the active voice."The tree was climbed by David" is in the passive voice.
The voice of the verb is passive when the subject receives the action. Examples: The tree was cut by the lumberjack. (passive voice) The lumberjack cut the tree. (active voice)
No, this sentence is in the active voice. In passive voice, it would be "The tree was planted."
Sentence C is passive voice. It would be made "active voice" by writing, "Mary planted the tree".
This use of passive voice is appropriate because the identity of the performer is unknown (or concealed), and because the focus of the sentence is the condition of the willow tree. The alternative in the active voice would be "Someone's carelessness has (had) badly damaged the old willow tree."
C is the only sentence in the passive voice.
The mouse was killed by the cat.
The tree was planted by Mary.
c) The tree was planted by Mary.
C. The tree was planted by Mary.
Active voice verbs are verbs where the subject of the sentence performs the action denoted by the verb. In active voice, the subject is the doer of the action. For example, in the sentence "She ate the cake," "ate" is an active voice verb because "she" (the subject) is performing the action of eating.