Park. Just think of the first (and /or most basic) noun in the sentence.
many large paintings
The predicate of a sentence is everything except the subject. Here the subject is a large grey cat. So therefore the predicate is jumped on top of the brick wall.
The pronoun in the sentence is 'many' an indefinite pronoun, which takes the place of a noun for a large number.
Many large paintings hung on the walls. You are talking about "paintings", the subject. "Many large" are descriptive words of paintings. The paintings "hung"-- the word of the action for the paintings. Many large and on the walls--Those are the words confusing you. Step back from wordy or complicated sentences and try to simplify them that way.
There is a large population of animals in this world.
The simple subject in this sentence is "cave," as it is the noun that the rest of the sentence is about.
there is no simple subject in a interrogative sentence sorry
there is no simple subject in a interrogative sentence sorry
park is
subject: British colonists verb: settled
bulldog large
Large is an adjective. In this sentence it is describing the noun fish and is part of the subject (large fish) of the sentence.
An Eagle is the subject
In your sentence "Neither Mercury nor Pluto are as large as Earth," the word, Neither, is the subject. In classical English it would read, "Neither Mercury nor Pluto is as large as Earth." However American English prefers smooth flow and tends to ignore the rules of classical grammar. It tends to have the verb take the form of the noun or nouns immediately preceding the verb. Thus, while in Classical English, the verb would be is since the subject is Neither, American English is likely to use the verb are since it immediately follows Mercury and Pluto.
many large paintings
The subject of the sentence is cow (cow was grazing).
The complete subject of the sentence is "a large collection of music manuscript." It includes the article "a" along with the descriptive phrase "of music manuscript," which specifies the type of collection.