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In the late 1970's science made a breakthrough and isolated another set of proteins called HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens). Unlike basic blood type proteins and grouping proteins mentioned above, the HLA proteins are found in all of your cells except the red blood cells. These antigens are found primarily in your white blood cells and are used by the body's immune system to detect foreign bodies and fight off infections. Like blood types, some HLA types are rarer than others so the exclusion percentage will vary depending upon the individual's HLA makeup. While still not as reliable as DNA testing, HLA can exclude potential fathers with up to an 80% accuracy rating. Unfortunately however, HLA requires a larger blood sample, preventing the test from being performed on small infants.

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