Main Considerations
In view of the above difficulties and suggestions, following should be the main considerations while introducing a costing system in a manufacturing organization:
1. Product
The nature of a product determines to a great extent the type of costing system to be adopted. A product requiring high value of material content requires an elaborate system
of materials control. Similarly, a product requiring high value of labor content requires an efficient time keeping and wage systems. The same is true in case of overheads.
2. Organization
The existing organization structure should be distributed as little as possible. It becomes, therefore, necessary to ascertain the size and type of organization before introducing the costing system. The scope of authority of each executive, the sources from which a cost accountant has to derive information and reports to be submitted at various managerial levels should be carefully gone through.
3. Objective
The objectives and information which management wants to achieve and acquire should also be taken care of. For example, if a concern wants to expand its operations, the system of costing should be designed in a way so as to give maximum attention to production aspect. On the other hand, if a concern were not in a position to sell its products, the selling aspect would require greater attention.
4. Technical Details
The system should be introduced after a detailed study of the technical aspects of the business. Efforts should be made to secure the sympathetic assistance and support of the principal members of the supervisory staff and workmen.
5. Informative and Simple
The system should be informative and simple. In this connection, the following points may be noted:
(i) It should be capable of furnishing the fullest information required regularly and systematically, so that continuous study or check-up of the progress of business is possible.
(ii) Standard printed forms can be used so as to make the information detailed, clear and intelligible. Over-elaboration which will only complicate matte$ should be avoided.
(iii) Full information about departmental outputs, processes and operations should be clearly presented and every item of expenditure should be properly classified.
(iv) Data, complete and reliable in all respects should be provided in a lucid form so that the measurement of the variations between actual and standard costs is possible.
6. Method of Maintenance of Cost Records
A choice has to be made between integral and non-integral accounting systems. In case of integral accounting system, no separate sets of books are maintained for costing transactions but they are interlocked with financial transactions into one set of books.
In case of non-integral system, separate books are maintained for cost and financial transactions. At the end of the accounting period, the results shown by two sets of books are reconciled. In case of a big business, it will be appropriate to maintain a separate set of books for cost transactions.
7. Elasticity
The costing system should be elastic and capable of adapting to the changing requirements of a business.
It may, therefore, be concluded from the above discussion that costing system introduced in any business will not be a success in case of the following circumstances:
1. If it is unduly complicated and expensive
2. If a cost accountant does not get the cooperation of his/her staff
3. If cost statements cannot be reconciled with financial statements
4. If the results actually achieved are not compared with the expected ones
One problem associated with adopting a costing system is the fact that implementation can be a problem. With so many moving pieces, managers must make sure they coordinate every aspect of the project to ensure that implementing the project is done successfully.
abc
A costing system is usually incorporated to ascertain-the cost of each individual unit in the entityhow much should the selling price be to gain a desired profitto detect abnormal spoilage of goodsHowever one should make sure that the cost of such a system should not exceed the benefits.
true
False
Some difficulties in installing costing systems include untrained staff, lack of support and resistance from the accounting staff. There also can be heavy coast in operating the system.
needs of product costing system
The accounting system the business uses determines how a business handles the cost of their products. The accounting system is used because it will help keep everything consistent in the organization.
One problem associated with adopting a costing system is the fact that implementation can be a problem. With so many moving pieces, managers must make sure they coordinate every aspect of the project to ensure that implementing the project is done successfully.
Full costing system
full absorption costing
responsibility costing is a costing which enable us to know which department is responsible for what
actual is the actual cost, normal is estimating
features of standard costing
Job order costing is more appropriate than process costing when the product being produced is a custom product
A job order costing system would be more appropriate than a process costing system for manufacturers who use different types of goods throughout the manufacturing process. Process costing is best to you when manufacturing a large amount of the same items.
process costin and target costing