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what are the advantages and disadvantages of line item budgeting
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Identifying the key advantages and disadvantages of a performance budgeting system a program budgeting system and a line-item budgeting system.?
system features focus on advantages disadvantages (LIBS) -centered on objectives/nature of expenditure or purchased item/service (1920~30s) -control financial affairs -responsibility for accounting -clear responsibility on accounting -easier control on financing -rigidity -unclear performance/objective of expenditure performance budgeting system (PBS) -classifying business based on functions of business activities -detail business budget=item price*work hour -Truman(1950) -business centered -management centered -clear business goal -flexibility -unclear responsibility on accounting plan programming budgeting system(PPBS) -planning+budgeting -rational allocation of resources -Johnson(1965) planning centered "planningprogrammingbudgeting" -planning+budget -rational allocation of resources -remove barriers between organizations centralization of budget composition -difficulties on conversion work -top-down budget composition
What help line agencies meet their goals by advising budgeting planning and managing?
Marginal bureaucracies
Advantages and disadvantages of line organization?
Advantages: Clear chain of command Efficient communication Streamlined operations Disadvantages: Limited specialization Slow response to change Overreliance on leadership
What are the disadvantages of line organization?
Disadvantages of Line Organization1. Over reliance- The line executive's decisions are implemented to the bottom. This results in overlying on the line officials.2. Lack of specialization- A line organization flows in a scalar chain from top to bottom and there is no scope for specialized functions. For example, expert advices whatever decisions are taken by line managers are implemented in the same way.3. Inadequate communication- The policies and strategies which are framed by the top authority are carried out in the same way. This leaves no scope for communication from the other end. The complaints and suggestions of lower authority are not communicated back to the top authority. So there is one way communication.4. Lack of Coordination- Whatever decisions are taken by the line officials, in certain situations wrong decisions, are carried down and implemented in the same way. Therefore, the degree of effective co- ordination is less.5. Authority leadership- The line officials have tendency to misuse their authority positions. This leads to autocratic leadership and monopoly in the concern.
What is a privilege card?
A card which gives its bearer some sort of special benefit. It may include getting a discount on an item or being able to go the front of the line in some stores or other organizations.
What are the disadvantages of a line item budget?
what are the advantages and disadvantages of line item budgeting
Identifying the key advantages and disadvantages of a performance budgeting system a program budgeting system and a line-item budgeting system.?
system features focus on advantages disadvantages (LIBS) -centered on objectives/nature of expenditure or purchased item/service (1920~30s) -control financial affairs -responsibility for accounting -clear responsibility on accounting -easier control on financing -rigidity -unclear performance/objective of expenditure performance budgeting system (PBS) -classifying business based on functions of business activities -detail business budget=item price*work hour -Truman(1950) -business centered -management centered -clear business goal -flexibility -unclear responsibility on accounting plan programming budgeting system(PPBS) -planning+budgeting -rational allocation of resources -Johnson(1965) planning centered "planningprogrammingbudgeting" -planning+budget -rational allocation of resources -remove barriers between organizations centralization of budget composition -difficulties on conversion work -top-down budget composition
What is the lowest risk in terms of capital budgeting?
adding to a product line.
What is line item?
The line item veto is used only in budget bills
Which help line agencies meet their goals by advising budgeting planning and?
staff agencies
Disadvantages of online processing?
disadvantages of on line processing?
What help line agencies meet their goals by advising budgeting planning and managing?
Marginal bureaucracies
Which help line agencies meet their goals by advising budgeting planning and managing?
staff agencies
What is the current status of the line-item veto?
The line item veto has little chance of passing.
What does a line item veto allow a governor to do?
The line item veto is used only in budget bills
What is the name of the help line agencies meet their goals by advising budgeting planning and managing?
staff agencies
Why is a dual line braking circuit used in preferance to single line system?
A dual line system is a safety item. If a brake line/brake hose lets go you will still have brakes on one axle, you may not stop on a dime but it will stop you. A single line system will leave you with out any brakes at all if one brake line/hose lets go. American made cars have had a dual line systems since 1968.
