Compare where fertilisation occurs in salmon and sheep?

Answer 1

fish are classified as males and females. However, some fish are born males but change into females, or are born females but change into males.

Many fish are oviparous, including trout and salmon. This indicates that they lay eggs. Internal fertilization occurs in sharks and rays, and fertilized eggs are laid. The vast majority of fish, including trout and salmon, lay unfertilized eggs. The male fertilizes the eggs externally. Fish typically lay hundreds or even millions of eggs, increasing the likelihood that a few offspring will survive to adulthood.

Although drab in color prior to the breeding season, which varies by species, members of the salmon family develop bright hues during spawning. During this season, the male usually develops a hooked snout In late spring or early summer, Atlantic salmon migrates to cold, fresh water, swimming upstream at a rate of up to 6.4 km (4 mi.) per day. Salmon can jump up to 3.7 m (12 ft) out of water, clearing most obstacles in their path. In October or November, the female salmon lays up to 20,000 eggs, after which the adult salmon float downstream and return to the sea. Unlike the various Pacific salmon species, the Atlantic salmon does not die after its first spawning but returns to its breeding location year after year. And a humped back. Before mating, one parent excavates a nest for the eggs; after the eggs are laid and fertilized, the female stirs up the stream bottom, covering and protecting the eggs with earth and stones. Depending on the species and water temperature, the eggs hatch in two to six months. Neither the females nor the males consume food during the migrations and nest-building activity that precede mating. The newly hatched young, known as parrs or brandlings due to the dark transverse markings on their sides, spend about two years in fresh water. The young, known as smolts, turn silvery and descend to the sea at this time. The Atlantic salmon is known as a grilse when it returns to its spawning grounds for the first time. It is known as a Kelt after it has spawned. Salmon in the North Pacific Ocean only spawn once, dying after laying and fertilizing their eggs. The Chinook salmon travels further inland than any other salmon, frequently traveling 1600 to 3200 km (1000 to 2000 mi.) to spawn. Its eggs hatch in about two months, and the young reach the sea when they are 5 to 7.5 cm (2 to 3 in) long.

In case of sheep fertilization.

Fertilization is a necessary step in sexual reproduction that involves the joining of two specialized cells known as gametes to form a zygote. This then grows into the new organism. Countless sperms hit the surface of the eggs during the fertilization process. However, only one sperm is able to fertilize it, and the rest are repelled from the egg's surface. This is accomplished by altering the zygote's or embryo's metabolic activity as well as the cell envelope and extracellular matrix. Following the formation of the zygote, a number of metabolic changes occur. This includes the production of hydrogen peroxide during a respiratory burst, the activation of oxidases and peroxidases, changes in the redox status, changes in the activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors, and so on. Aside from these, an embryo-derived paf (1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-gylcero-3-phosphocholine) is synthesized and released by binding to extracellular albumin, which protects it from enzymatic degradation. The activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors is affected by changes in the redox state, which may alter gene expression patterns. Furthermore, changes in metabolic status are responsible for spatial differences in cell activity, particularly after compaction, as well as major embryonic events such as fertilization, genome activation, and cellular differentiation (AJ Harvey et al, 2002). Throughout phylogeny, multiple variations that occur during this stage can be found (Wessel G.M.et al., 2001; Shapiro B.M. et al, 1989).

The formation of an extracellular barrier during the post-fertilization stage (i.e. after zygote formation) involves three distinct steps: After cortical granule exocytosis, an autoactivating serine protease separates plasma membrane attachments to the egg vitelline layer, allowing this matrix to be separated from the egg surface (Haley S.A. and Wessel G.M., 1999).

The structural components of the fertilization envelope (FE) are primarily derived from cortical granules and self-assemble into the vitelline layer The fertilization envelope (FE) is made up of a pattern of proteins that self-assemble into a cytoskeleton. This is followed by an increase in the Ovo peroxidase activity in response to alkalization. The uptake of O2 is the major parameter that provides the required indication of overall metabolic status of a single zygote. network, forming a distinct pattern of cytoskeleton-like structures (Wessel G.M. et al, 2001). (Chandler D.E. & Heuser J. 1980).

Answer 2

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