Hopefully, you don't have food in your trachea, because if you did, you'd be choking. When you eat, the food should go from your mouth, through your pharynx (the back of your throat), then down into the oesophagus. The opening to the trachea (which is the passageway for air or the "wind pipe") is called the glottis, and the glottis is located just above the larynx (which contains the voice box). (The larynx is also called the Adam's apple). When you swallow, food does NOT enter through the glottis to go down your trachea because the glottis is covered by the epiglottis. So, I think the answer you are looking for is epiglottis: When you swallow, the epiglottis closes the glottis so that the food goes down the oesophagus into your stomach (not down your trachea to make you choke). When you are not swallowing, the glottis is open so that you can breath. Or, were you asking why it is difficult to cough up food when you are choking? That's partly because the air you try to inhale might push the food further down you trachea, and partly because the trachea is made of rings of cartilage that, to some extent, might keep the food from being coughed up as easily as it otherwise might.
It is a flap of skin that stops food from going down the windpipe
The epiglottis is very important because it stops the food from going into your trachea (windpipe). It guides the food to bypass the trachea and straight to your oesophagus.
Food is prevented from going down the winpipe because the epiclottis.
The epiglottis a flap of skin that stops food from entering your windpipe.
Epiglottis
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the windpipe (trachea) when swallowing. It acts as a cover for the trachea, ensuring that food only goes down the esophagus to the stomach.
The mouth is the common opening for the food pipe and windpipe.
Vgghh
It stops food & drink going into the lungs
So food or water will not enter into your windpipe and breathing system (lungs). The food and water then avoid going down the windpipe because of this flap - the epiglottis and go into the digestive track - down the esophagus.
It's the part of your body that flops down over the windpipe when you swallow to keep food from going into your lungs.
Epiglottis...