At the risk of generalizing dwarves are typically said to possess the following characteristics:
1. They tend to be shorter and broader than humans but taller than Hobbits.
2. They are invariably bearded.
3. With respect to personality, dwarves tend to have as positive qualities a steadfastness, a heartiness and hardiness, an unbreakable spirit, and fierce loyalty. On the negative side, dwarves tend to be proud, jealous, covetous, and stubborn.
4. Dwarves are generally depicted as craftsmen, miners, architects. Dwarves build and shape stone and metal in ways that no other people can. Surely there must be some dwarven cooks and janitors, but the only non-craftspeople described in the LOTR is warriors.
5. Dwarves are described making and using many kinds of weapons, but they are most associated with axes.
6. Dwarves appear to always live underground, in mines and caves, carved into hills or mountains.
7. Dwarven females are described in the appendices as being physically rather like males, but no female dwarve is ever seen in the books.
8. Dwarves are described as being jealous of their secrets to such an extent that they refuse to teach their language to outsiders or tell non-dwarves their true names. (All dwarven names in the LOTR are said in the appendix to be assumed names, public names. This secrecy even extends to their not even carving their true names on their own tombs.)
When the dwarves saw the treasure they were amazed and started to put the treasure in their pockets
Dwarves and dragons are greedy by nature. It was all they thought about at times and made for poor decisions.
Bilbo was warned by the Elvenking about treasure hunting and the dangers of Smaug.
He says they want revenge.
Dale was destroyed by Smaug. It was one reason Bard thought he and his men had a right to some of the dragon's treasure. It was rebuilt after Smaug was killed.
Smaug
Yes AND no. Yes because when Thorin, Bilbo and the others went into his lair, he deliberately laid on his stomach on his treasure. Why else; to defend this weak spot! No because he forgot. Bilbo tricked Smaug twice into revealing it. The first was during his conversation with Bilbo. Smaug was very polite with Bilbo listening to his riddles. Convinced that Bilbo did not mean him any harm, Smaug rolled over on his back. Bilbo saw the spot where the scale was missing somewhere on Smaug's chest. The second time was when Smaug realised that Bilbo ran away with a golden two handled cup. This pushed Smaug's infuriation to its boiling point. He started destroying things and eating the dwarfs ponies and when he got to Long Lake, he was flying so high that the chink in Smaug's armor was visible. Bard the Bowman shot him in that very spot, Smaug didn't see it coming.
Bilbo was warned by the Elvenking about treasure hunting and the dangers of Smaug.
They don't, really. But they are determined, and that certainly counts for something.
To Reclaim their stolen gold from Smaug the Dragon.
The biggest treasure was the accumulated wealth of Smaug. The Arkenstone that was a part of it was greatly desired by the dwarfs. There was also some treasure from the trolls, and Bilbo found the One Ring.
The dragon Smaug stole it.
In the beginning it was Smaug , then in the end of The Hobbit , Bilbo gains it
They were told the dragon was dead. They learned it from the Ravens that came to the mountain.
He says they want revenge.
Dale was destroyed by Smaug. It was one reason Bard thought he and his men had a right to some of the dragon's treasure. It was rebuilt after Smaug was killed.
A share in Smaug's treasure and adventure.
Smaug
Yes AND no. Yes because when Thorin, Bilbo and the others went into his lair, he deliberately laid on his stomach on his treasure. Why else; to defend this weak spot! No because he forgot. Bilbo tricked Smaug twice into revealing it. The first was during his conversation with Bilbo. Smaug was very polite with Bilbo listening to his riddles. Convinced that Bilbo did not mean him any harm, Smaug rolled over on his back. Bilbo saw the spot where the scale was missing somewhere on Smaug's chest. The second time was when Smaug realised that Bilbo ran away with a golden two handled cup. This pushed Smaug's infuriation to its boiling point. He started destroying things and eating the dwarfs ponies and when he got to Long Lake, he was flying so high that the chink in Smaug's armor was visible. Bard the Bowman shot him in that very spot, Smaug didn't see it coming.