13 kilometers
Water erosion, mostly by streams and rivers that have a high gradient and discharge.
Because jet streams are above the friction layer, they have a negligible effect. The wind is balanced by the Coriolis effect and the pressure gradient so that the winds flow parallel to isobars.
Have to much water flow
All the time.
Species are modified to their specific environments, and that is why they are not identical all over the world.
The gradient typically decreases as you move from the headwaters to the mouth of a stream. This is because the elevation drops and the slope becomes gentler downstream.
Q-Tips
The discharge for a single stream should not change much from the headwater to the mouth. The exceptions to the mouth would be if another stream joined the main stream, which would increase the discharge or if you loose a significant amount of water to infilitration, which would decrease the discharge. The gradient should be high at the headwaters and gradually decrease downstream where it should be low at the mouth. Of course differences in lithologies or secondary streams can change the gradient for a short distance, thought the overall profile should fit the expected model.
the Mississippi headwaters is a kind of thing that is located in the Mississippi river. The Headwaters of a river are it's origins. The multiplicity of small streams that converge to form the main body of the river proper.
High gradient streams have steeper slopes, which means they have more energy and power to transport larger sediment particles. The fast flowing water in high gradient streams can effectively carry and move these large particles due to the force of the water flow.
Bedrock channels are more likely to be found near the head of a stream where the gradient is steeper and erosion processes are more active. As the stream flows downstream and the gradient decreases, the likelihood of encountering bedrock channels decreases as well.
Polar jet streams
Polar jet streams
The streams and rivers would incise (cut down into) the land in order to achieve their desired gradient.
Jet streams are associated with fronts because they form along the boundaries between air masses with different temperatures and densities. The strong gradient in temperature and pressure across fronts can create intense winds aloft, which contribute to the formation and intensification of jet streams. This interaction helps to generate the fast-moving, narrow bands of air known as jet streams.
Headwaters are the beginning part of a river where it originates, often located in higher elevations as small streams or springs. Floodplains are flat areas around a river that flood during periods of high water, serving as natural reservoirs for excess water and supporting diverse ecosystems.
Water erosion, mostly by streams and rivers that have a high gradient and discharge.