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Simple machines come to mind.

Let us say a pulley is suspended on a secure structure. One end of the rope is tied to a heavy object. The rope makes a few round on the pulley. The other end of the rope comes out and can be held with relative ease to keep the heavy object afloat or lift it up. The human effort would be 'n' times less than the weight of the object, where 'n' is the number of times the rope winds around the pulley.

A lever is another example. The beam is resting on a fulcrum. One downward force (F1) is acting L1 meters from the fulcrum. The balancing downward force (F2) will be L2 meters from the fulcrum on the other side. The principle of moments says that F1 * L1 = F2 * L2. With a rigid beam (the beam does not break with the forces). If L1 = 2 * L2, then F1 = 0.5 * F2.

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