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Gas particles move quickly, rapidly bouncing off each other. unlike liquid particles that roll over each other, or particles in solids, which constantly vibrate on the spot.

The individual atoms or molecules of a gas or vapour are much further apart than they are in a liquid, while atoms or molecules of solids are so close together that they cannot change places, but they can vibrate in their limited space.

Its the vibration of such particles that transfers energy within the substance.

If a gas becomes hotter its particles vibrate faster, causing expansion, which then creates rising currents called convection currents. Or, if not allowed to expand (as in a pressure vessel) the pressure will increase due to the more rapid and more frequent impacts of the particles against the walls of the vessel.

Convection currents also occur in liquids, but cannot occur in solids.

When a blacksmith heats his half-made horseshoe it is because when it is hotter the particles are further apart and it is then easier to shape the metal.

Gas molecules move randomly, and Gases have high kinetic energy.

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