The students acting as prisoners were showing signs of extreme distress.
The students acting as guards became aggressive and cruel
The independent variable is the conditions the participants are assigned to- either the prisoner or the guard. The dependent variable is the participants resulting behavior.
A never ending prison sentence.
Wentworth Miller
You will either go to prison or jail.
Milgram's experiment showed a number of things. The initial experiment involved participants being asked to give apparently harmful and potentially lethal electric shocks to a stooge (who they thought was simply a participant) upon the stooge's incorrect answers. It was estimated by Psychiatrists that most people would drop out early on and refuse to keep on giving shocks, and that nobody would go all the way to 400 volts. In actuality, everyone sent severe and dangerous shocks of 300 volts, and most went all the way. This shows that people are generally willing to obey an authority figure, even when it might lead to harming or even killing another person. Milgram also did a number of variations on his experiment, with it taking place in an old office block, with the experimenter phoning through instructions, with other stooges acting as support, or refusing to continue the experiment, and so on. These variations showed that people are less likely to obey if their victim is closer, if the setting doesn't suggest legitimate authority, if the experimenter is not nearby, or if other participants are refusing to obey. They also showed that someone is much more likely to obey if the participant believes someone else is sending the shocks, not them.
In Zimbardo's classic Stanford prison experiment, participants succumbed to the power of
the Stanford prison experiment
Zimbardo's role in the Stanford Prison Experiment was as Superintendent. He was also the man behind the experiment tracking the changes in personally behavior when people were thrown into their role as a prisoner or a prison guard.
Philip Zambardo
The Stanford prison experiment had been conducted from August 14 to August 20 and was a study of the psychological effects of becoming a prisoner or prison guard. 24 male students were selected with roles of prisoners and guards in a mock prison.
Power makes some people cruel.
the experiment
the experiment
many people will uncritically follow the commands of those in authority.
People adopt roles and begin identifying with them very easily
the social context
one example would be if the participants had mental issues, or behavior disorders.