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The main difference is how light is produced in each. In a LED, a device known as a light-emitting diode produces light when receiving a certain level of current. In an incandescent bulb, a thin piece of conductive metal glows brightly (incandesces) when subjected to a current in an oxygen free environment, such as a vacuum or near-vacuum (the absence of oxygen keeps the metal from burning and decomposing). Finally, a fluorescent bulb works by subjecting a special mixture of gases to an electric current. The current excites molecules of gas, which release light in the process.

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