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Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection applies to organisms who adapt to their environment better than others and survive to pass on their traits to offspring. Due to variation in their genes, may be caused by mutation but rarely so, organisms are able to adapt to their environment. If they don't adapt well they die. If they adapt to their environment it means that they have fought for their survival and are now able to pass on their variations to their offspring and make them stronger. Often as a result a new species is formed due to the accumulated differences.

There are three types of natural selection: Directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection. In directional selection only one extreme genotype is favored to pass on. Meaning the environment chooses one genotype to pass on. An extreme genotype for example would be either SS or ss for sickle cell, either the genotype for sickle cell is passed on or the non-sickle cell genotype is passed on. In disruptive selection, a disruption separates similar organisms causing the favoring of two extreme genotypes. For example both SS and ss are favored to pass on. In stabilizing selection only the middle genotype is favored meaning Ss which is carrier of sickle cell.

Natural selection is when the environment determines which alleles enable organisms to survive.

The theory of natural selection states that traits in a species become more or less prevalent depending on environmental pressures that select either for or against such traits.

Individuals that have traits that better suit their environment are more likely to survive.

Darwin broke down the process into 4 steps:

1. individuals that make up a population vary in their traits

2. some of these trait differences are heritable

3. in each generation, many more offspring are produced than can survive. Only some individuals survive. Of these, some will produce more offspring than others

4. Individuals with certain heritable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Natural Selection occurs when individuals with certain traits produce more offspring than do individuals with certain traits produce more offspring that do individuals without those traits.
when organism adapt to the environment they will be likely to survive and produce healthy offspring.

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