inference
His ardent plea rang hollow.
the class exuded out of the classroom when the bell rang.
(Was is used as a past tense He was the top graduate in his class. She was leaving when the phone rang. Tonight I was going to go to McDonald's for dinner, but I changed my mind.
Suppose a projectile is fired from a gun, we know that "g" remains constant and as we use horizontal component of velocity in range sov0 also remains constant. Only sin2θ responsible for change in range. The range will be maximum if sin2θ has its maximum value that is 1.for maximum range:sin2θ = 12θ = sin-1 (1)θ = 90/2θ = 45 (degree)therefor if projectile is projected with the angle of 45(degree) its range will be maximum.
Are you referring to the biological energy transformations involved in the body of a person actually lifting a box? Or are you referring to the act of imbuing an inanimate object with potential kinetic energy? If it is the latter; You are investing Potential Kinetic Energy in the box when you put it up on a shelf. If your body were 100% efficient, it should have expendeded as much energy in raising the box as the box then possesses. Because the box can fall, it will have the potential to transform its potential kinetic energy into actual kinetic energy, by virtue of its mass and velocity. It could do work, like falling on a lever which propelled a weight up a column and rang a bell on the top. If it is the former... I don't know.
inferance
That is an observation. An inference would be that, if no one answers the doorbell, then no one is home, which may or may not be true.
I rang the doorbell repeatedly, but no one answered.
rang the doorbell is a predicate
The Doorbell Rang has 186 pages.
rang the doorbell is a predicate
The Doorbell Rang was created on 1965-10-08.
The past tense of "to ring" is "rang," so you say "I rang the doorbell" or "I have rung the doorbell many times."
"You rang the doorbell" is an indepent clause, because it can exist on its own. So is "but no one answered," because it is using a coordinating conjunction, which acts as a independent marker for an independent sentence. See https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/598/01/.
The independent clause is 'When the doorbell rang.' It is an adverbial clause, modifying the verb 'was sleeping'.
Had is a past tense, which means it happened before (eg Sally had rung the doorbell) rang counts as a present tense (eg Sally rang the doorbell) The appropriate word for "had" would be "had rung" which is past tense.
The past tense of 'ring' is 'rang', whilst the present perfect tense is 'have rung'.