Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon disputed the reliance on Aristotelian philosophy and the deductive reasoning prevalent in his time. He criticized the tendency to rely on established authorities and advocated for empirical observation and experimentation as the basis for knowledge. Bacon emphasized the importance of the scientific method and inductive reasoning, arguing that knowledge should be derived from practical experience rather than abstract theorization. This shift laid the groundwork for modern scientific inquiry.
boobservation,reasoning,imagination,dicovering,and observation
Inferences should be based on objective observation and logical reasoning.
Discovery science is mostly about describing nature, whereas hypothesis-driven science tries to explain nature.
For extensive information about unknown things, discovering the earth is important for Medical, Scientific, and life reasoning.
use inductive reasoning.
The major champion of inductive reasoning is often considered to be Sir Francis Bacon, an English philosopher and statesman who advocated for the use of inductive reasoning as a method for acquiring knowledge and understanding the natural world. He believed that observations and experiments should serve as the basis for drawing general principles or conclusions.
How should I know? Its not like I am C.L.Hamblin.
Hasty generalization
inductive reasoning
Francis Bacon believed that scientists should use inductive reasoning to systematically observe and collect data, then analyze that data to form general conclusions or hypotheses. He emphasized the importance of experimentation and empirical evidence in advancing knowledge and understanding of the natural world. Bacon's principles laid the foundation for the scientific method.
Inductive arguments should never be characterized as guaranteeing truth or absolute certainty. This is because inductive reasoning relies on specific examples to draw general conclusions, which are probabilistic and open to revision based on new evidence.
When using inductive reasoning, be cautious of generalizing conclusions too broadly based on limited evidence. It is important to recognize that inductive arguments can only provide probabilistic support for a conclusion, not absolute certainty. Additionally, watch for biases or hidden assumptions that may affect the validity of the reasoning.
When using inductive reasoning, be cautious of making hasty generalizations based on limited observations. Make sure your sample size is large enough and representative of the population you are trying to draw conclusions about. Additionally, be mindful of potential biases that may skew your observations and lead to faulty reasoning.
Please remember proof gives absolute truth, which means it HAS to be true for all cases satisfying the condition. Hence, inductive reasoning will NEVER be able to be used for that ---- it only supposes that the OBSERVED is true than the rest must, that's garbage, if it's observed of course it's true (in Math), no one knows what will come next. But it's a good place to start, inductive reasoning gives a person incentive to do a full proof. Do NOT confuse inductive reasoning with inductive proof. Inductive reasoning: If a1 is true, a2 is true, and a3 is true, than a4 should be true. Inductive Proof: If a1 is true (1), and for every an, a(n+1) is true as well (2), then, since a1 is true (1), then a2 is true (2), then a3 is true (2). You see, in inductive proof, there is a process of deductive reasoning ---- proving (1) and (2). (1) is usually, just plugin case 1. (2) provides only a generic condition, asking you to derive the result (a (n+1) being true), that is deductive reasoning. In other words, proof uses implications a cause b, and b cause c hence a cause c. Inductive says though a causes c because I saw one example of it.
The statement "The moon was full 4 weeks ago, so it should be full again tonight" is an example of an inductive argument. It draws a general conclusion based on a specific observation—that the moon is typically full approximately every 29.5 days. While the reasoning may seem plausible, it does not guarantee that the moon will be full again tonight, as inductive reasoning is based on probability rather than certainty.
Deductive reasoning is reasoning that starts with general principles to form a conclusion about a specific case. To formulate a deductive argument, you should take a general idea or concept, like an ideology or commonly shared moral view and relate it to a more specific subject that links to your side of the argument. Inductive reasoning is the exact opposite; it involves developing a set of specific facts to create a general principle. To formulate an inductive argument, you should take a set of related facts and link them to an overarching moral or concept that supports your argument.